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Hardware in the Loop - Coggle Diagram
Hardware in the Loop
Sensors
Input from
Physical environment
Gathers information about physical quantities
Output type
Continuous sequences
Analog values
Feeds
A/D converter + sample-and-hold
Prepares signal for digital processing
D/A conversion / pulse-width modulation
Role
Cyphy-interface component
Converts digital results to analog signals
Methods
Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)
Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM)
Feeds
Actuators
Generates signals to control the physical world
Actuators
Output to
Physical environment
Used to control the environment
Input type
Analog signals
Generated by D/A or PWM
Function
Close the control loop
Directly affects physical quantities
Display
Input from
Information Processing
Generated results
Purpose
Present results
User interface
Output
Visual/auditory feedback
Data presentation
Energy Source
Role
Provides electrical energy
Necessary for electronic processing
Methods
Generation
Source of power
Related to
Energy storage
If the source is not permanent
Heat Removal
Cause
Electrical energy conversion
Much energy is converted to thermal energ
Purpose
Thermal management
Necessary to remove heat from the system
System Impact
System safety/longevity
Prevents overheating
Environment
Receives input from
Actuators
Controlled by the embedded system
Provides input to
Sensors
Information is made available through them
System context
Cyber-Physical System (CPS)
The object of control
Energy Storage
Need
Non-permanent energy source
To maintain continuous operation
Examples
Rechargeable batteries
Capacitors
Related to
Efficient use of energy
Focus of embedded system design
Information Processing
Input type
Discrete sequences of values
Digital data
Function
Digital processing
Logic and calculations
Output to
Display
D/A conversion/pulse-width modulation
A/D converter + sample-and-hold
Role
Cyphy-interface component
Converts continuous signals to discrete values
Process
Discretization of time
Sample-and-hold circuit
Discretization of values
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)