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Australia key topic 2 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - 17 years after cook returned to London after calming the continent
        
        cook said the land was both empty and fertile - blatantly ignoring the natives living there
      - the men and woman on these boats weren't free they were criminals the British sent to live there
        
        after 1776 Britain could no longer send prisoners to the new world to work on farms so they needed a new place to put them
        
        so since 1776 prisoners had been rotting in prison ships that were moored on the Thames river London
        
        the cost of the first fleet was £84,000 which today would equate to £16,184,857.48
        
        why
        
        the British didn't want another power taking over Australia
        
        the crisis in the British prison system
        
        deportation was a kinder option that the gallows and it was cheaper then keeping them in prison
        
        booming population in England with many predicting imminent famine and disaster
      - they found botany bay useless so they set sail for port Jackson
    - - in total there was 1400 people most were convicts
      - they sailed for 6 months and only 69 people died
      - they were 12000 miles from home and relief ships weren't gonna come until 2 years later
    - - there were 250 tribes
      - they thought the settlers where the devil or bad spirits
      - there first interaction together was them dancing together
      - Arthur Phillip has a front tooth missing which they saw as a initiation thing men would do so they began to trust them
      - but in 1789 sickness began to spread through and lots of people died
    - - preparations took a year
      - established a second colony on norfolk island so they could spread the needs of the colonists
      - philip controlled the food stores and he carefully rationed it
      - they relocated to better farm land
      - he used the prisoners skills
      - the successful arrival of the later fleets
  - - - carried 222 female convicts and provisions
      - arrived on 3rd june 1790
      - 2 weeks later another fleet arrived
      - other ships followed
        
        these carried suffering or dying convicts and lots died on the trip to sydney
      - this was the first news the first settlers had from the uk in 2 years
  - - - they were seen as dangerous as lots. of them committed political crimes
      - lots of the settlers distrusted them since they were catholic but the settlers were mainly protestant
      - they stuck together and attempted a rebellion against the governor king in 1804 but the new south wales corps put it down
    - - the removal
        
        the colony suffered from the leadership of william bligh
        
        he was prickly and an all rounded detestable man
        
        he was thrown overboard but he was trained by cook so he knew how to sail to shore
        
        william clashed with the "emancipists" (people who had served there time and started sheep farming)
        
        had significant trading influence in rum
        
        not satisfied with his autocratic leadership
        
        they removed william from power but after they aso disbanded themselves
        
        this was called the rum rebellion since william wanted to stop the rum trading
    - - they had deep social and economic problems
      - women were outnumbers so rape was rife
      - they had no currency so they relied on alcohol for barter and this caused them to suffer from mass inebriation from many years
      - governors were left to do what they wanted
      - prison conditions were tough
- - - - they believed all life is connected
      - dreamtime
        
        the great sprit ancestors
      - songs
      - didgeridoo music
      - chants to recreate dreamtime in the present
    - - they were seen as savages
      - stealing was very common on both sides
      - 2 convicts were found murdered
      - upset them when they punished the convicts as they didn't understand
      - disease
        
        smallpox whipped out thousands of them
        
        only 3 members of the cadigal nation remained (originally had between 50-80 people)
        
        the source of these disease is still unknown