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Physics - Gas Pressure and Temperature - Coggle Diagram
Physics - Gas Pressure and Temperature
Particles in a gas constantly move in random directions at a range of speeds
collide
particles exert a force and so a pressure on it
outward gas pressure is the total force exerted by all particles in gas
increase temperature of a gas, transfer energy into kinetic energy stores of particles
Faster particles and more frequent collisions - increase in gas pressure
Changing Temperature / Volume changes Pressure
Higher temperature
faster particles
more frequent collisions
greater force on each collision
pressure increases
Lower volume
partlicless closer together
more frequent collisions
pressure increases
Lower temperature
slower particles
less frequent collisions
smaller force on each collision
pressure decreases
Higher volume
particles more spread out
less frequent collisions
pressure decreases
higher temperature = higher average kinetic energy
Pressure and Volume are INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL
when volume increases, pressure decreases
when volume decreases, pressure increases
Gas of fixed mass at constant temperature
pV = constant
p = pressure (pascals (Pa))
volume (m3)
Doing Work on Gas
Transfer energy by applying force
Increases internal energy
increases temperature
mechanically
e.g. bike pump
if pump is connected to tyre
feel it getting warmer
applies pressure to plunger, exerts force
Work has to be done against force to push down plunger
transfers energy to kinetic energy stores
increases temperature
PRACTICAL
air bubbles in marshmallow are same pressure than air in syringe
when syringe is pulled down, volume of syringe increases
when volume increases, pressure inside syringe decreases
air particles collide less frequently with walls
pressure in air bubbles does not change
their pressure is now higher than pressure of air in syringe (pressure inside syringe decreased)
higher pressure in bubbles makes them expand
marshallow expands