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Midterm: evil, god, death, The watch analogy - Coggle Diagram

- - - - necessary for genuine free-will
      - necessary for meaningful human relationships
      - bring about valuable suffering
- - - - Paley's justification:
        
        Draws similarities between human-made objects and natural objects; => natural objects have been designed as well
    - - Paley's justification:
        A watch takes incredible craftmanship to design; the universe is much more complex => Surely, if watches are designed, then the universe (which shows way more evidence of design) must be too
        => Reasonable to think that whatever created the universe, it would have to be rather God-like
        
        Darwinian objection: natural selection provides us with a story about how functional adaptations can emerge over time through a non-intelligent, non-designed processes
        
        Darwin's blind-watchmaker:
        
        Dispels complexity =/= designer
        
        Evolution of eye; complete randomness can't get us an eye, but selective pressure can (better eyesight decreases the possibility of getting caught)
- - - - Suppose God exists:
        
        If u believe in him -> you gain lots (ticket to heaven)
        
        If you don't believe: nothing much to lose
        => Weak dominance example: If some option a) makes you at least as well of than the other options available no matter what; and b) better off sometimes, then you should pick it
    - - P1: We can either choose to believe in G or not
        
        Objection: Doxastic involuntarinism:
        We cant choose what belief to form, instead our beliefs are involuntary responses to perceived evidence
        => even if it would be strongly in our interest to believe in G, we cant will ourselves to believe in G
        
        Objection: false dichotomy
        
        Ddifferent religions have different Gods
        
        some of those Gods will b very angry if you worship some other God over them
      - P2: Believing in G makes you at least as well of as not believing in G if G doesnt exist
        
        Objection: believing in God in the scenario where theres no God is an opportunity cost
      - P3: Believing in G makes you better off than not believing in G
        
        Objection: This argument gives us the wrong kind of reason for believing in God - theism for self-interest reasons
      - P4: If some option a) makes u at least well of….(weak dominance principle)
      - C: You should choose to believe in G
- - - - Conclusion: Therefore, it’s reasonable to believe that the watch had a designer.
      - Premise 3: If a hypothesis H is the only reasonable explanation of some fact F, then it’s reasonable to believe that H is true. [IBE]
      - Premise 2: The only reasonable explanation of this appearance of purpose is that someone designed it that way.
      - Premise 1: The watch seems clearly to have been designed for some purpose.