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How Singapore become an Independent Nation - Coggle Diagram
How Singapore become an Independent Nation
Merger
Why Singapore want merger?
Political independence away from British
Economic survival because Singapore lacks resources
Remove tariffs from trade through Malaysia (set up common market)
Malaysia's response towards merger
Concerned that Chinese would refuse a Malay Sultan (king)
Scared of Chinese communists
Supported idea of merger in 1961, before that they didn't
Hong Lim By-Election
Corrupted government individual (Ong Eng Guan)
Agreed on merger on 24th Aug 1961
Key points of proposed merger
Singapore would have its own Head of State
SG citizens titled "federal nationals" instead of "federal citizens"
Singapore had its own elections, only Singaporeans can vote
Singapore would collect revenue and pay Kuala Lumpur an agreed-upon sum (to cover costs of services)
Singapore controls education, labour and civil service
Kuala Lumpur government would oversee SG's defence, internal security and dealings with foreign governments
Result of "Battle for merger"
Opposition from Barisan Socialis (Socialist front of Singapore)
A vote for merger (70.8% for support of merger)
Barisan Socialis weakened after vote, PAP won more seats in government than the Socialis
Operation COLDSTORE, attempt to sabotage the formation of Malaysia
Separation from Malaysia
Economic Disagreements
Common Market Issues
Singapore expectation
Common market would be set up for survival
Tariffs on Singapore-made goods would be removed
Singapore reality
Common market had a delay in setting up
Singapore-made goods were still taxed to protect some of Malaysia's industries
Revenue Contribution Problem
Singapore expectation
Contribute 40% revenue to KL government
Singapore reality
Increase to 60% to fight Konfrontasi
Singapore felt it as unfair because SG is small
Political Differences
Political Parties
SG's PAP were multiracial and wanted to represent the interests of all races
3 Parties (UMNO, MCA, MIC) to look after their respective races
Treatment of races
Singapore's government wanted everyone to have equal opportunity (Regardless of race, language or religion)
Malaysia had special privileges for the Malays in employment, business and education to improve the Malays' positions.
Separation date/National day
Prime Minister LKY broadcasted the separation on 9th Aug 1965