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Geography - Coggle Diagram

- - - - 1st - rainwater saturates the sandstone above the impermeable clay
      - 2nd - the heavy saturated rock bears down on the cliff creating a slipping plane
      - 3rd - a section of the cliff tears away at the top of the curved slipping plane and gravity pulls it down and the loose material collects at the bottom
  - - - fetch - how long the wave has been forming, if long forms a destructive wave if small forms a constructive wave
      - trough - the bottom of the wave
      - crest - the top of the wave
      - backwash - the movement of sediment off of the sand
      - swash - the movement of sediment onto the sand
      - destructive waves - if the fetch is large and the backwash is stronger than the swash
      - constructive waves - if the fetch is small and the swash is better than the backwash
      - along shore drift - movment of sediment along the coastline
      - saturation - soaked inside with water
      - hydraulic action -
    - - 1st - big heavy rocks roll along the bottom of the sea bed, this is called traction.
      - 2nd - the rocks have broken down enough to start bouncing up and down with the current, this is called saltation.
      - 3rd - they are now light enough to float just below the sea surface, this is called suspension
      - 4th - the rocks are now small enough to dissolve into the water, this is called solution
    - - freeze-thaw weathering - when water seeps into a crack in the rock and freezes expanding that crack until parts of rock break off, happening over and over.
      - biological weathering - when animals and plants wear down the rocks by either rooting into the cracks or burrowing down into them to expand the crack size over time
      - salt weathering - sea water seeps into small cracks in the rocks and in hot weather it evaporates leaving behind salt crystals that slowly grow bigger and puts pressure on the crack making it expand and bits of rock to break off