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Chapter 25 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 25
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Mass Extinction
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Permian extinction (~252 mya): volcanism, climate warming, ~96% marine species lost.
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Consequences: ecological niches open, adaptive radiation.
Fossil Record
Dating methods: radiometric dating, relative dating (strata).
Biased toward organisms: abundant, widespread, hard shells.
Major eons:
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Atmospheric oxygen (O₂ revolution, ~2.7 bya) → toxic to many, enabled aerobic
First eukaryotes (~1.8 bya): endosymbiont theory (mitochondria, plastids).
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Colonization of land (~500 mya): plants, fungi, animals.
Continental drift
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Effects: climate shifts, geographic isolation, allopatric speciation.
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