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Respiratory Emergencies - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory Emergencies
Asthma
S/S: Wheezing on Inspiration & Expiration / Bronchospasm’s / Cyanosis / Potential Respiratory Arrest
Asthma is “an acute spasm of the bronchioles associated with excessive mucus production and with the swelling of the mucus lining of the respiratory passages.”
Tx: Administering High Flow O2 or by helping the patient by administering their own medication (Albuterol, etc.) and positioning them comfortably while allowing open airways!
Pertinent Assessment Findings: Appearance, LOC, Aiway, Breathing, and Circulation.
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Anaphylaxis
S/S: Flushed skin or hives / Generalized Edema / Decreased BP / Laryngeal Edema w/ Dyspnea / Wheezing or Stridor
Anaphylaxis is a “severe allergic reaction characterized by airway swelling and dilation of blood vessels all over the body, which may significantly lower BP w, widespread hives, itching, sings of shock, and symptoms similar to Asthma.
Tx: Epinephrine is typical, patients may have an EpiPen already prescribed. High Flow O2 is via NRB may be useful in some cases.
Pertinent Assesment Findings: Medical and SAMPLE history, Appearance, LOC, Airway, Breathing, and Circulation
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Croup
S/S: Begins with a cough and cold and low grade fever that begins over the course of 1-3 days, following wheezing and a seal-like bark. The airway will become inflamed and unable to support breathing worst case.
Croup is “cause by inflammation and swelling of the larynx, pharynx, and trachea.”
Tx: Administering High Flow O2 or by helping assist patient in any prescribed nebulizers of inhalers while positioning the patient comfortably and with open airways.
Pertinent Assessment Findings: Appearance, LOC, Airway, Breathing, Circutlaion and OPQRST
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COVID-19
S/S: High Fever, Cough, Chest Pain, Vomitting, Diarrhea, and Anosmia.
COVID-19 is a “respiratory disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2” it essentially is a new common cold released by mutation from bat to human back in 2019.
Tx: High Flow O2 and perceived medications like Paxlovid can help via a doctor. Comfortability and position will increase airway and breathing.
Pertinent Assessmenr Findings: Appearance, LOC, Airway, Breathing, OPQRST
Pathophysiology: Airway and Bronchial Inflammation possibly leading to more serious issue with other body systems.
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