Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chapter 4 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 4
Limits on Population
-
Limits on population
-Density Dependence: limits increases as population density increases
-Density independence: populations limited by abiotic factors regardless of number
-top-down regulations vs. bottom-up regulation
-Top-down regulations: control of population by predation
-Bottom-up regulation: control of population due to resource scarcity
Critical number: Minimum population for species to survive in environment
-Sharp decline=threatened
-Below critical number=endangered classification
-Extinction=species no longer exists in the wild
Symbiosis: two species lives are connected (positive or negative)
- Competition: two organisms (same species or different) relying on same resource
3.Mutualism: both species benefit4.Commensalism: one species benefits and other is unaffected
- Amensalism: one species unaffected and other is harmed
- neutralism: neither species are harmed or benefited
-Predation: one species benefits and other is harmed-types:
1.Predatoru
2.Herbivory
3.Parasitic
Community types
-Intraspecific: competition for resources between same species
-Interspecific: competition for resources between different species
----- typically results in resources partitioning
Evolution
Evolution occurs through adapting to environmental factors
-Predation and competition
~ favor survival of individuals that lower impacts of negative interactions
~ Predators and prey can adapt to one another
~ Evolution can occur in as few as 1-2 generation, according to some studies
-
Natural selection: process of specific traits favoring survival of certain individuals
-process discovered independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace~Three process occur for a species
1.Adapt to changing conditions
2.Migrate to an area with more favorable conditions
- or become extinct
-
-
-