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Microbial Genetics - Coggle Diagram
Microbial Genetics
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Mutations
Can be SILENT (amino acid does not change, its base does) HARMFUL, BENEFICIAL (enhancing survival).
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Frameshift: 1+ nucleotide pairs are deleted/inserted in the DNA, which almost always results in a inactive protein
Thymine dimers- mutation, in prokaryotes they protect and repair the ^ before mutations can occur
Bacteria: mutations occur more often and are less likely to be fixed. Humans: errors are proofread and are able to be fixed in many different ways
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DNA replication
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Prokaryotes have single origin, eukaryotes have multiple
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Plasmids/Transposons
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Transposons: small pieces of DNA that can move from one region of a chromosome to another or to a plasmid
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Steps of Translation
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Termination: the process ends when a stop codon is reached. (in Eukaryotes the A.A. moves into the E.R. to be further processed