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Lecture 2 - Coggle Diagram
Lecture 2
Issues w/ health and social psych- Cultural insensitivity and inclusivity- Western/Educated/Industrialised/Rich/ Democratic (WEIRD) bias- people stuck in too (rigid social groups) can continue biases study aimed to look into- cultural difference/ inequality -
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incorporates bio, behavioural , cog, social, individual differences- all social- link social to health
also many types of methodologies eg interviews/ observation etc-/// ALL INTERACTIONS W/HEALTH STILL= SOCIAL- ///eg interaction w/ doctor
Does gender or socioeconomic status of group influence health? Health link to social- both gender/ socioeconomic status is social construct not truly real
also overlap in research eg covid - look at society function change eg work/ socialising- all social
Social psych issues in covid- not a single pandemic but parallel pandemics affecting all of these groups- ethnicity/ socioeconomic status/ health/ age and sex/ social exclusion and social support/ intersectionality
intersectionality= the interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender as they apply to a given individual or group, regarded as creating overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination ordisadvantage- dictionary
Mark Conner used applied social psych w/ theory of planned behaviour- how people plan behaviours and if they carry it out- one involved is health behaviours- doing social module but looking at health- overlap
in this theory have got diagram- attitudes eg eating this would be good/ bad , subjective norm- eg people close think I should be healthier, perceived behavioural control/ self efficiency- belief I can do this- some don’t have control eg don’t buy food in family- may not think this- all leads to intentions which leads to ultimate behaviour but perceived control factor also leads directly to behaviour may have intentions but lack control- probs most important out of first 3
Also external factors- eg socioeconomic status- may have all factors feel control ? have intentions etc but not have funds - slide 15
Conner et al 2013: moderation- simple slopes study- high income- high intentionality more excerise- less income less excersise despite high intentionality
What are concepts- breakdown- (socially constructed abstract linguistic terms that cluster related categories of knowledge or experience into generalised, collective meaning)
breakdown:
socially constructed- we make them up to do with people- example vulnerable
abstract linguistic terms- can take term vulnerable and use it elsewhere abstract enough not to be attached to any context
cluster related categories of knowledge or experience into generalised collective meaning- eg anything to with concept vulnerable then grouped into big meaning
(Concepts are thought objects/ epistemological vessels that hold shape and transport ‘what is known’ about ‘how things work’ by those with power to define and replicate their view of reality and social position)- breakdown- ontology= what is reality/ epistemology- people’s view of what reality is- what we know about reality depends on what we believe reality is SO epistemological vessel= what we believe in a concept- eg someone takes what they know of concept vulnerable and apply it eg to medical context- ///my own writing- concepts= social so social ideas of what thing is can be applied to medical practice?///back to ppt- done by people with power to define/ replicate their view of reality/ social state where they’re well off- view often isn’t reality causes issues
Patient centred concepts- consist of (experiences, traits eg conscientious, states of being, attitudes, aims, harmful contexts eg poverty- also others)- created by professionals applied to patients
issues w/ this- eg concept vulnerable-can be used to blame for weakness/ if concept not complete eg vulnerable can class those you don’t think are vulnerable as not needing support when they’ve been missed out
Further issues patient centred concepts - Katz et al 2019 ///used critical discourse analysis- looking at words/ linguistics unpack terms- how use in text eg’ let’s make America great again’again was before- not now- let’s- need help to do this- vagueness in definitions in texts for term vulnerable can ‘obscure power changes/ limit discussion from transformation’ Katz et al 2019- create almost barrier between those giving and receiving treatment- vulnerable will stay vulnerable
Aim at start- finding link between health and social psych -2 modules
what health psychologists are involved w/ help deal w/ psych and emotional aspects of health/ illness- work w/ people from various backgrounds in different environments- can be 1 to 1 or groups / promote positive behaviour alterations eg less smoking- to encourage wellbeing/ better understanding of illness need ideas from psych
how social linked- social psych involves a lot of behaviour change- brain designed to want to do what we find pleasurable- can lead to addiction/ general wellbeing big idea in social psych
Biopsychosocial model- treatment of illness includes bio, psych and social aspects in (conjunction) w/ each other
Behaviour/ mortality- contemporary illness=(determined by own behaviour eg smoking- influences Doll and Peto-1981-75% cancer deaths due to own behaviour
Predictors of health status that link to social- excersise, little alcohol, diet, smoking, breakfast everyday- all link eg breakfast leave primary caregivers- may be less likely to eat breakfast every day
Applied social psych what is it- Applied Social Psychology is defined as a branch of research that applies or extends theoretical knowledge to address real-world social problems, aiming for practical outcomes in specific contexts. It encompasses various topics such as behavior, group processes, and societal issues, bridging theoretical frameworks with applied concerns.- sciencedirect
Conceptual applied methods- (are designed to advance understanding of the meaning and function of integral concepts in research, theory and practice in social and health sciences)- Wynn 2024)
breakdown:
research theory and practice in social health sciences- to look at social health related stuff first do research, then theory, then practice
integral concepts- use concepts to do health better- concept eg vulnerable- would treat differently if person had label attached- but what defines vulnerable?
understand function of concept- eg what purpose does concept vulnerable serve when applied to real world
methods - used to advance understanding of this
Conceptualising disease- can be positive- person take medical concept from school give to woman working at hospital she treats- prototypical concept (og/ typical view) is valuable doesn’t fully define concept of disease- will never get perfect concept you can take/ apply elsewhere- can quickly (but also wrongly- fallibly) differentiate (health/ pathological conditions)
Creating concepts for diagnosis - example disease to create concept needs to be necessary/ sufficient
on ppt- classic definitions- some aren’t these factors eg does harm- can apply to anything/ decrease of physical functioning- can be broken leg
philosophical def- some still insufficient eg evolutionary dysfunction/ something that prevents completion of goals
influenza A symptoms- these symptoms cannot only make up disease/ other illness- diff symptoms
hard to make concept