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Theories - Coggle Diagram
Theories
Structuralism
- What are we looking for? The universal structure, or bones, of a system (forget the skin color, hair color, eye color, etc.).
- Words + combination rules = grammar
- Signifier (the sound in your head) + signified (the concept it refers to) = sign.
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- Study the system, reveal universal truths.
- Language structures our perceptions of the world.
- Difference: The notion that you can only know what a sign refers to if you know what it does NOT refer to (a cat is not a tree, a cat is not a dog).
- Gives rise to Saussure’s idea of binary pairs: How we think is based on the structure that arises from the relationship one word has to another word (raw vs cooked; good vs evil).
Deconstruction
- language has no stable meaning.
- For example, the pronoun “I”
Structures
- needs centers (the place where nothing can be substituted- i.e. the truth)
- The center holds the structure together but exists outside of it.
- There is NO PLAY at the center.
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Formalism
- Only thing that matters is analyzing what’s on the page.
- Want to analyze structure (how a pause in a line of poetry shapes the meaning of it, how alliteration increases the tempo of a line, etc.)
- Forget the humans involved in creating and receiving a text!
Ecocriticism
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Place vs. Space: Place is a subjective term that elicits emotional response, and space is a territory without an emotional tie.
Dwelling, sustainability, and reinhabitation
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Queer theory
late 1900's, early 2000's
biological sex, gender, and sexual desire
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