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Blood Glucose, References - Coggle Diagram
Blood Glucose
Hormones Involved
Insulin:
Released by beta cells in the pancreas when blood glucose levels rise (e.g., after eating).
Promotes the uptake of glucose into cells for energy production or storage as glycogen in the liver and muscle tissue.
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Glucagon:
Released by alpha cells in the pancreas when blood glucose levels are low (e.g., between meals or during fasting).
Stimulates the liver to break down glycogen into glucose (glycogenolysis) and release it into the bloodstream.
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Processes
After Eating: Blood glucose levels rise, triggering insulin release. Insulin allows glucose to enter cells and helps store excess glucose in the liver as glycogen.
During fasting or Physical Activity: Blood glucose levels fall, triggering glucagon release. Glucagon signals the liver to release glucose stored as glycogen or produce new glucose from amino acids (gluconeogenesis).
Disruptions
Hyperglycemia: High blood glucose, often due to insufficient insulin or insulin resistance. Can lead to diabetes mellitus, which affects long-term health.
Hypoglycemia: Low blood glucose, often caused by excessive insulin or poor dietary intake. Can lead to symptoms like dizziness, confusion, and even loss of consciousness.
Definition: The process of keeping blood sugar levels within a normal range to supply the body's cells with glucose for energy while avoiding high or low blood sugar levels.
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