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Sorting The Macroscopic World - Coggle Diagram
Sorting The Macroscopic World
Properties
Chemical Properties
The ability for a substance to combine with one or more substances is defined as a chemical property.
Examples
Electricity & Water: This process separates the hydrogen from the oxygen that make up water. This causes a significant change in the chemical composition of that water.
Corrosion: An example of corrosion affecting a chemical composition is the rusting of iron where iron interact with air and moisture that makes a red and brown oxide on the iron.
Physical Properties
Physical properties can be observed or measured and observed without change in chemical composition.
Examples
Density: Matter will stay in it's compact state.
Melting point / Boiling Point: All liquids have a standard point in which there state of matter begins to change. It is unable to change as that is how the structure of that substance will always be.
Mass: The amount of matter is a physical property as it involves the physical particles that are involved within a substance. Mass does not account for a chemical composition when looking at a substance.
These properties are both related because matter has both of these attributes. Matter contains physical properties as well as chemical properties.
Physical Change: A physical change is an alteration in the physical property of a substance. Such as size or shape.
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Chemical Change: Alterations in a system having to do with chemical changes.
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Extensive Properties
Attributes of a system that depend on the quantity of matter present.
Examples
Mass: Mass depends on how much matter is present within an object in order for it to be measured.
Volume: The volume of an object is dependent on the amount of mass and density that a substance has. Volume being the Extensive property variable as the quantity of the substance will affect the system.
Both of these properties are related because you can create an intensive property by dividing an extensive property by an extensive property.
Intensive Properties
Intensive Properties are attributes of a substance that do not change regardless of how much is present.
Examples
Density: Density is an intensive property because it will always stay the same proportionate to the mass and volume of the substance.
Boiling Point: Boiling point stays the same because a certain substance will always begin to boil and change it's state of matter even if there is more or less of the substance present.
What is it?
Pure Substance
A pure substance is a substance that consists of only one type of atom.
Some examples of pure substances are Gold(Au), Oxygen(O), and Copper(Cu).
These are classified as pure substances because the molecular structure of these atoms are only one kind of atom.
A compound can be a pure substance if there are two or more elements that are
chemically
bonded.
Element
An element is a substance that has all of the same number of protons in their atoms.
Examples
Hydrogen is the most common element found in the universe.
Others include oxygen(O) and carbon(C).
This image depicts an oxygen atom. As a result of oxygen being an element. They will all have the same number of protons at the center.
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Compounds
A compound is a mixture of all sorts of substances.
Examples
Some examples include Water(H2O), Carbon Dioxide(CO2), and Methane(CH4).
Methane for example, is a compound because it not only includes Carbon, but also contains four atoms of Hydrogen.
Mixtures
Mixing substances together that do not chemically interact with each other.
Examples
Some examples include blood or air, where the components are physically connected but not chemically. Allowing for the substances to retain their own attributes.
Homogeneous Mixtures
The components within the mixture are evenly distributed throughout.
Some examples include air and salt.
Solution
A solution is a homogeneous mixture where a solute is uniformly dissolved in a solvent.
Water is a common example of a solvent.
Both are related because they are mixtures that do not include chemical reactions with the matter in their mixture.
Heterogeneous Mixtures
The components inside of the mixture are
not
evenly distributed.
Some examples include oil, vinegar, and sand.
Colloid
A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture that has all of the particles evenly dispersed throughout the substance. It remains suspended.
Suspension
Suspension is the mixture of fluid where solid particles do not dissolve but remain dispersed in fluid.
Atoms and Molecules
Atoms are the smallest building blocks of nature. They make molecules which in turn make up everything within the known universe.
Ex. H2O, C6H12O6. These are molecules that are made up of individual atoms.
Atoms can consist of many different kinds of atoms, making complex molecules. Compounds are molecules and atoms being mixed together to form one substance.
