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Renal Transporters - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Cl-/HCO3- anti-porter
      - Na+/H+ anti-porter
      - Na+/Glucose Co-transporter
    - - Na+/ Bicarbonate Co-transporter
        
        Inhibition of this transporter decreases sodium reabsorption, causing more sodium secretion into urine)
      - Na+/K+ anti-porter
  - - - Side effects
        
        Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
        
        hypokalemia
        
        inhibition of CA enzyme causes less H+ formation which means less sodium is going into the renal tubule (more is retained in the body. Which causes K+ wasting (secretion into urine).
        
        Decreased intra-ocular pressure (dec HCO3 secreted from blood into aqueus humor)
        
        Decreases Intracranial Pressure (Decreases CSF volume by dec. HCO3 secretion from choroid plexus which dec. water volume).
        
        Increased Ca2+ renal Stone formation
        
        due to inc. urine pH (more basic urine)
      - Rarely used!
      - Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme Normal Function
    - - Osmotic Diuretic, salt-like product that is secreted into the urine & draws water out with it
      - usually used pre & post neurosurgical procedures
      - Side effects:
        
        Increased extracellular volume
        
        Pulmonary edema
        
        hyponatremia
        
        Severe dehydration from the diuretic can lead to hypernatremia
- - - - Passive reabsorption of H20 (due to renal medullary hypertonic environment)
  - - - Basolateral Membrane
        
        Na+/ K+ Pump
      - Apical Membrane
        
        NKCC Transporter
    - - NKCC inhibitor
        
        Loop Dieuretics
        
        Eg: furosemide
    - - Tubule Lumen has a positive charge because of Potassium recycling. K+ recycling sustains the activity of NKCC2, which requires K+, potassium is recycled back into the lumen via apical renal outer medullary potassium (ROMK) channels.