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oxygen demand, Shakana Smedley - Coggle Diagram
oxygen demand
respiratory muscles
respiratory muscles are sketletal mucels that drive the process of breething, they enable vetilation is moving air aroiund the lungs to facvillitate gas exchange and oxygen supply
vetalations rate and depth is regulated by the mudulla oblongatta and brain stem, vetalation is important in strenuouse activities like the 100-mile run, vetalation triggers elevation iin oxygen production and muscle avtivity to maintain the gas exhchange
inhalation that contracts an flattens the diaphram that increases the volume of the lungs and the pressure for it to then equalize from the air flowing that changes the pressure differences
exhalation is the diaphram relaxing and decreases the thoratic volume and inresing the intenrnal pressure to push the air out
respiration
aerobic respiration: is the process when cells release energy from glucose using oxygen. this function happens in the mitochondria in the eukaryotic cells and is a large contributor of ATP production in humans. its starts with the Glycolysis process of breaking down glucose molecules into pyruvate to produce ATP and NADH,
then through the krebs cycle to further breakdown, then the remaninig high energy electrons are transfered to electron transport chain, thart then pass through protines and releasing energy needed to pump protons and generate ATP
the ATP synthasase. aerobic respiration is vital to human survival as the cellular process like muscle contractions, thermoregulation, nerve impulses and transport that support homeostasis
medulla
oxygen demand: the demand for oxygen greatly increases in situation of exercise. chemoreceptors in the body detect the rises or fall in carbon dioxide, oxygen or ph level in the blood.
Medulla oblongata then send signals to the medulla oblongata which then stimulates the respiratory muscles to increase oxygen intake and depth while speeding up the heart rate for greater circulation of oxygen in the blood.
chemoreceptors
chemoreceptors: when there i a demand for oxygen, chemoreceptors known as the peripheral receptors located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies,
and the central chemoreceptors are located in the medulla oblongata and are specialised receptors needed to monitor and mesure changes in the chemical composition of the blood and help maintain oxygen homeostasis
hypoxia
hypoxia: is a condition when tissues around the body don't receive enough oxygen through circulation to meet metabolic needs. if oxygen demand is not meet throughout the body, and homeostasis is hindered, can lead to fatigue and reduced muscle performance and potentially leading to hypoxia,
alongside high-altitude environments and oxygen deprivation, these factors then denature enzyme production and lowers and individuals survival. to correct this the negative feedback loop is utalised and corrected with oxygen rich blood through the respratory and cardicvasuclar systems.
references: Biozone homostasis section, Rose Kidd
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Negative feedback loop: oxygen demand is a negative feedback loop. The first changes in the set point like the oxygen demand and and oxygen availability trigger a response from the medulla oblongata to increase the bodies oxygen supply. once this loop is completed and homeostasis is restored, the body returns to a normal resting state.
respiratory muscles are sketletal mucels that drive the process of breething, they enable vetilation(moving air aroiund the lungs to facvillitate gas exchange and oxygen supply), it is the inhalation that contracts an flattens the diaphram that increases
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