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Water, and Life., Carbon, and Life - Coggle Diagram
Water, and Life.
Acids & Bases
hydrogen ion H+: H atom that lost 1 electron, leaving 1 proton
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Acid: substance that donates H+ when dissolved in water, giving it a sour taste and a pH value below 7
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Moderation of Temp.
Energy
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the energy inside an object or system that comes from the movement of its atoms and molecules is thermal energy
Evaporative Cooling: process in which the surface of an object becomes cooler during evaporation, a result of the molecules with the greatest kinetic energy changing from the liquid to the gaseous state.
Heat of vaporization: quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state.
- Water has high heat of vaporization
Water Density
Liquid water is more dense than solid because atoms is solid are farther apart from each other.
- This is good thing bc ice on water insulates organisms below, and makes life possible.
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- polar covalent bonds: unequal sharing of electrons (due to unbalanced O & H
electronegativity) and water’s V-like shape make it a polar molecule
- These bonds result in H bonding, which hold water molecules together. Water gets its cool properties due to this.
- O has partial negative charges, H has partial positive charges.
Qualities of water
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Cohesion: Water molecules bonding to other water molecules bc of H bonding
Surface Tension: Measure of how hard it is to break a surface.
- Water has high surface tension
- Makes water look like there is an invisible film over it
- Seen in capillary action
Adhesion: Water bonding to other molecules:
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Carbon, and Life
Carbon & bonding
C has 6 electrons, & 4 valence electrons = can hold 4 more
C can branch off in as many as four directions. enables C to form larger, complex molecules.
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C skeletons vary in length, branch position, double bond positions, & presence of rings
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