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Timeline of Science, Technology, and Society - Coggle Diagram
Timeline of Science, Technology, and Society
Pre-Colonial Philippines (Before 1521)
Indigenous Knowledge and Practices
Textile and Clothing:
loom weaving with abaca and piña fibers, dyeing with native flora
Housing:
Bahay Kubo, raised on stilts for flood and pest protection, natural cooling
Water and Marine Technology:
Balangay boats for long voyages, outrigger canoes for fishing, celestial navigation using stars
Agriculture:
rice terraces carved into mountains, use of wooden plows and bolos, irrigation systems
Trade and Economy:
barter system with gold, beads, shells, extensive trade with China, India, Southeast Asia
Weapons and Defense:
Kris, kampilan, shields made of wood, rattan, and metal
Darwinian Revolution (19th Century)
Theory of Evolution
by Charles Darwin
Impact on
biology, society, and understanding of life origins
Scientific Revolution in Middle East (8th-13th Century) (Ancient & Medieval)
Major Contributions
Astronomy:
construction of observatories, refinement of celestial models
Medicine:
Canon of Medicine by Ibn Sina
Mathematics:
Algebra by Al-Khwarizmī
Optics:
light and lens theories by Ibn al-Haytham
Impact and Legacy
Preservation of
classical knowledge, translation into Latin
Influence on
European Renaissance
Centers of Learning:
House of Wisdom in Baghdad
ASEAN Revolution (1967 - Present)
Key Inventions & Technologies
Mathematics:
zero, algebra, trigonometry via Indian scholars
Medicine
: Ayurveda, Sushruta, Ibn Sina’s Canon
Paper, printing, compass,
gunpowder spread
Agriculture, engineering, navigation
innovations
Southeast Asian regional cooperation
Cultural and Scientific Diffusion
Philippine rice terraces, barangay boats
exemplify engineering feats
Impact on
European Renaissance and modern science
Spread
of
Asian discoveries to Europe
American Period in the Philippines (1898-1946)
Healthcare:
Western medicine, herbal remedies
Knowledge Transfer:
schools run by religious orders
Engineering:
Spanish-style stone churches, modern buildings
Navigation:
star-based and celestial navigation techniques
Agriculture:
rice, sugar, abaca cultivation
Personal & Military Weapons:
bolos, spears, imported muskets
Expansion of
Education, Infrastructure, and Scientific Research
Revolution in Meso America (2000 BCE-1500 CE)
Advanced Civilizations
Engineering & Architecture:
pyramids with corbel arches
Mathematics:
concept of zero and complex calendar systems
Agriculture:
maize, chinampa system
Establishment of the Bureau of Science
**Scientific Revolution in the Africa (Ancient & Medieval)
Achievements
Medicine:
herbal knowledge
Metallurgy and Irrigation:
Nile Valley canals, Ethiopian terracing
Astronomy:
Dogon observations of Sirius
Architecture:
pyramids, Great Zimbabwe
Colonial Disruption
and
Post-Independence Revival
telescope
Indigenous knowledge
ignored during colonialism
Indigenous knowledge
integrated into modern science and climate strategies
Post-independence
investment in science, modern projects like South Africa’s radio telescope
Information Revolution (Late 20th Century - Present)
Evolution of Communication Technologies
Internet milestones:
first website (1991), Web 2.0 (2004)
Search engines:
Google
Telegraph, radio, TV,
early computers
Mobile Revolution
: smartphones, portable devices
Artificial Intelligence
Automation, personalized learning, societal disruption
Ethical
debates, societal adaptation
Digital Age:
computers, internet, social media
Future Outlook
Rapid technological change
, new innovations
World War II (1939-1945)
Rapid technological
and
medical developments
Maria Orosa’s Innovations
Banana ketchup,
soyac, durac
**
Food preservation techniques
for POW camps
Post-war rebuilding and legacy of wartime innovations
Establishment of
University of the Philippines (UP)
Spanish period in the Philippines (1521-1898)
Personal and Military Technologies:
bolos, spears, muskets, cannons
Astronomical observations, navigation
, and construction of stone churches
Trade:
Manila-Acapulco Galleon connecting Philippines with Spain and Mexico
Introduction to
western Education
, Medicine, and Technologies
Development of
formal education, hospitals, and public health
Copernican Revolution (16th Century)
Impact
Shift to
evidence-based science
Inspired
Galileo, Kepler, Newton
Replaced Geocentric Model
supported by Ptolemaic system
Freudian Revolution (Late 19th - Early 20th Century)
Key Concepts:
unconscious mind, dream analysis, personality structures (id, ego, superego)
Global Influence
Changed
mental health understanding,
incorporated into education and culture
Impact in the Philippines:
counseling, mental health awareness
Psychoanalysis
by Sigmund Freud
Current State of the Philippines (21st Century)
Artificial Intelligence
Ethical debates, societal adaptation
Automation, personalized learning,
societal disruption
Digital Transformation
and
Growth of STEM
Space Program Milestones
Societal
and
Environmental Efforts
Healthcare Challenges
and
Innovations
Evolution of Communication Technologies
Next-gen space tech (2026):
MOULA satellite
Sustainable transportation
and environmental tech
Medical devices:
low-cost ventilators, solar phototherapy
Digital Age:
computers, internet, social media