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CHAPTER 7 AIR - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Oxygen
        
        Respiration
        
        Rocket engine combustion
        
        Welding and metal cutting in industry
      - Carbon Dioxide
        
        Photosynthesis
        
        Carbonated beverage manufacturing
        
        Fire extinguishers
        
        Carbon cycle
      - Nitrogen
        
        Production of nitric acid and ammonia
        
        Nitrogen cycle
        
        Liquid nitrogen as a cooling agent
      - Inert Gas
        
        Helium for air balloons
        
        Fluorescent gas in lamps
        
        Argon gas in bulbs
- - - - Maintains carbon dioxide content in the air by continuously taking and returning it
    - - Release carbon dioxide
        
        Decomposition
        
        Respiration
        
        Burning of fossil fuels
      - Use carbon dioxide
        
        Photosynthesis
- - - - Involves continuous uptake and return of oxygen to the air
    - - Use oxygen
        
        Respiration
        
        Combustion
        
        Rusting
      - Release oxygen
        
        Photosynthesis
- - - - A reaction where a substance is heated in the presence of oxygen, releasing heat and light energy
    - - Ways to avoid fire
        
        Keep flammable materials away from fire
        
        Keep matches and lighters in a safe place
        
        Be sensitive to electrical goods used
        
        Do not throw away burning cigarette butts
        
        Install smoke detectors and fire alarms
        
        Do not overload one electrical source
    - - Fire Extinguishers
        
        Solid fires (wood, cloth, paper): Water, dry powder
        
        Liquid fires (oil, paint): Foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide
        
        Gas fires (propane, methane): Foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide
        
        Metal fires (potassium, sodium): Dry powder, dry sand
- - - - A condition involving the presence of any pollutants in the air
      - Sources of Pollutants
        
        Radioactive materials from nuclear power plants
        
        Pesticides and chemical fertilizers from agricultural activities
        
        Chlorofluorocarbons from refrigerators and air conditioners
        
        Dust from construction sites and factories
      - Adverse Effects
        
        Human Health: Shortness of breath, headaches, lung cancer
        
        Buildings and Infrastructure: Staining buildings, corroding structures, rusting iron
        
        Plants and Animals: Acidic soil, low photosynthesis rate
        
        Earth's Climate: Haze, ozone depletion, acid rain
      - Measures to Prevent and Control
        
        Law: Fines for offenders
        
        Education: Teaching about air pollution, encouraging walking, cycling, or public transport
        
        Science and Technology: Hybrid vehicles, chimney filters in factories, catalytic converters on vehicles