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Anxiety - Coggle Diagram
Anxiety
Social Anxiety Disorder
avoiding social situations
feeling of being judged consistently
heart rate, sweaty palms
social or performance anxiety
fear of using the toilet in public
extreme distress
social triggers
starting converstaions
social events
speaking in public
dating
6 months
generalised and non-generalised
ethnological theories
genetics - family history says you are more likely to have it
behavioural - behavioural inhibition to the unfamiliar, strange situation experiment
cognitive - overestimating that people are judging you, little faith in yourself to form social relationships and cope within social events
conditioining
treatment
most people avoid help so they only seek help when they are in their late 20s
CBT
identifying what is scary
coming up with new coping mechanisms, exposure therapy
social skills training
combining with medication
PTSD
response to a traumatic event that you experienced or witnessed, death, sexual violence or harm was a possibility in these situations
4 symptom clusters
intrusive thoughts, images, thoughts, nightmares, causing emotional and physical distress
avoidance, avoiding the situation, place, people, conversations and feelings tied to the event
changes in mood or cognition, withdrawn, depressed, shame, fear, guilty, negative beliefs about oneself, others, or the world
hyperarousal, difficulty sleeping, relaxing, hypervigilance, aggression, reckless behaviour that is harmful
direct experience or dissociation during the event increases the risk of developing PTSD
low socioeconomic status
neurobiological - amygdala and hippocampus (fear and memory)
woman twice as likely to develop ptsd (100 percent more likely)
coping styles - harmful or avoidant coping styles increase the risk of PTSD as well as perceived beliefs you have of how others see you. balanced beliefs are more protective than others
loss of material resources after the event
no social support can increase the risk of developing ptsd
Treatment
assessing the clients current physical safety
psycho-education = what it is and how it works
access to resources and support systems
relaxation techniques
retelling the event in a safe space
address avoidance symptoms
DSM-5 Categories
Anxiety disorders
Obsessive compulsive disorders
Trauma response disorders
High levels of comorbidity within the spectrum of disorders
Symptom within many other disorders
Panic disorder
Social anxiety
PTSD
What is it
normal human experience
response to life threatening situations
response to transition or change
adaptive for survival
learned childhood fears
new and unfamiliar situations
exists on a spectrum (any frequency and severity)
Adaptive
Reasonable
Realistic
Proportional
Does not impair daily functioning
subsides when threat is no longer present
Maladaptive
Out of proportion
unreasonable
unrealistic
impairs daily functioning
Persistent and anticipatory
Aetiology
Psychodynamic
internal conflicts
sex and aggression
memories
knowledge
thoughts and feelings
Freud
separation between SE, E, ID
Cognitive
classical conditioning
you are responding to a conditioned stimulus
heart palp = bell anxiety = salivation
Biological
twin studies and family studies
abnormal functioning of neurotransmitters
GABA, serotonin, norepinephrine
HPA axis
amygdala, hippocampus
memory and fear, experiencing of emotions
Limbic system
Treatments
CBT
exposure therapy
teaching new or adaptive behaviours
teaching relaxation techniques to deal with physiological symptoms
Psychodynamic
unconscious conflicts (sex and aggression)
Medication
SSRIS - selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors = slows metabolism of serotonin and increases the level of serotonin
benzodiazepine - mainly for panic disorder
Panic
Distortion of your adaptive fear response
Fear
fight or flight or freeze or fawn (overcompensatory loving behavior)
Emotional
dreadful, fearful
Physiological
heart rate, sweaty palms, achy muscles, stomach ache, shaking, shortness of breath
Behavioral
withdrawn, antisocial, aggressive, on edge
anticipatory anxiety that occurs for more than one month that can turn into agoraphobia