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Chapter 7: How can we build sustainable cities? - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 7: How can we build sustainable cities?
What are cities
high population density
relatively more people per unit area of the city as compared to other locations in the country
built-up area
mostly covered by buildings, extensive infrastructure (transport, telecommunications, sanitation, electrical services), natural vegetation removed/ altered
large population size
as compared to other locations (rural areas) in the country, follow diff guidelines eg. minimum pop size
cities can grow because
rural urban migration: ppl move from the countryside to cities
urban to urban migration: people move from one city to another
range of functions
administrative, commercial and educational
What is the relationship between cities and rural areas?
rural-urban migration
pull factor: reasons that attract mogrants towards a destination
push factor: reason why migrants want to leave place to origin
ppl move frm rural areas (eg. villages) to urban areas (eg towns and cities), usually due to push or pull factors or both
provision of goods and services
cities rely on rural areas for food supply cos city have limited space for agri, rural farmers rear animals+ grow crops for own needs/ sell to cities. rural income source
rural benefit frm cities amenities, travel to cities to get healthcare services, education opp, buy certain gds only available in malls
How do cities affect their inhabitants and the environment?
opportunities for people
edu+ employment
cities are places of learning (institutes of higher learning commonly found in cities), educational needs of the community are met by such institutions
cities able to grow cos concentration of activities + increase educated/ skilled employees
businesses grow cos of infrastructure, range of services, high percentage of skilled workers etc
employees can use their salary to buy necessities and send back to their families, improve well-being of the employee+ family
tech innovation
more likely to happen in the cities because
a. concentration of knowledgeable and skilled people w ideas working tgt, ecosystem for creativity + innovation
b. increased designers, entrepreneurs, researchers= creates ideal environment
c. investors and government provide money for researcher, developers and designers to try out new ideas
challenges people face
increase environ pollution
large amounts of fossil fuels are consumed due to the high concentration of people, businesses and transport networks , lead to more pollution
burning of fossil fuels+ high volume of cars+ generation of electricity can lead to air pollutant being released into the air. prolonged exposure to air pollution can result in lung cancer, respiratory problems and even death. poor health would subsequently lead to increased demand for healthcare services
water usually affected due to improper management of household/ industrial waste cos inadequate/ broken sewage systems . water quality decrease, threaten human health and aquatic life
competition for natural resources
land resource
water resource
How can cities be sustainably built and managed?