Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Ch 16 Bio Coordination in humans - Coggle Diagram
Ch 16 Bio Coordination in humans
Spinal cord
Vertebral column
Meninges (out C)
Cerebrospinal fluid
Shock absorber
Mechanical support
Bring nutrients and O2
Remove waste
Spinal cord
White matter
H shaped Grey matter
Cell bodies
Interneurone
Spinal reflex (focus)
1 more item...
Cranial reflex (test less)
1 more item...
Nerve fibres
Central canal
★Dorsal root
Dorsal root ganglion (cell bodies of sensory neurones)
Sensory neurone
Long dendron
Short axon
★Have synapse
Mostly in
When the nerve impulse reaches the synaptic knob
Synaptic vesicles are stimulated to release neurotransmiTTer
The neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft
1 more item...
★Ventral root
No swelling, motor neurone
Motor neurone
Very short dendron
Long axon
To effector
Brain
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
Involuntary actions
Stimuli not really needed
Same BW matter setup as SC
Reflex centre
Muscluar actions
Left and right cerebral hemisphere
Cerebral cortex
Highly folded
Hold more neurones in limited space
Around 3mm thick
Made of grey matter (cell body)
Inner part
White matter (nerve fibres)
Functions
Site for intelligence
Decisions
Memories
Concious control
16.6 Voluntary action
Largest part of the brain
Has blood supply
Areas
Sensory areas
Upper middle and the back
Nerve impulse to sensations
Motor areas
Upper front and back-mid, and lower middle to mid-back
Sends nerve impulses to effectors, voluntary responses
Association areas
Upper middle
Intergrate information from Sa, send nerve impulses to Ma
Voluntary
Protection
Three meninges (out C)
Cerebrospinal fluid
Shock absorber
Cranium (out C)
Nervous comtrol
Endocrine system
Endocrine glands
Hormones directly into the blood
Hormones
Mostly protein or lipid
Chemical messages for reg. of bd process and int. environment
Very small amount
VS enzyme
Protein
Catalyzes reactions
Very smol amount
Specific shape for action
Exocrine glands
Only act on target organ with THE specific receptor
Specific shape for action
Endocrine glands
No ducts
Unlike exocrine
Pituitary gland
Growth, reproduction and urine conc.
Thyroid gland
Metabolic rate
Adrenal glands
Prep emergency action
Pancreas
Regular blood glucose lvl
Hormonal control of blood glucose
Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose and absorbed into the blood
Receptors detect an increase in blood glucose level (stimulus)
Pancreas (endocrine) produces moar insulin
Produce is immediately created
Secrete is release stored
Insulin blinds to ... liver (target organ)
1 more item...
Insulin is transported by blood throughout the body
Sex organs
Ovaries
Stimulate development of R/S and SSC
Testes
Hormonal controls
★Hormonal VS Nervous
Nature of message
Chemical
Chemical + electrical
Importance
Long-term processes
Rapid to change
Duration
Area
Widespread
Localized
Speed
Slow
Fast
Route
Bloodstream
Neurones
