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Water & Life, Carbon and the molecular diversity of life - Coggle…

- - - - Kinetic energy, the energy of motion
        
        Kinetic energy related to an atom/molecules movements, thermal energy
        
        Temperature, is the average kinetic energy in a body of matter
        
        Thermal energy from one body of matter to another is called Heat
        
        A calorie is the amount of heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1°C
    - - the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1°C
      - Water’s high specific heat is due to hydrogen bonding
        
        Absorbs energy when bonds break
        
        Releases energy when bonds ae formed
      - This property helps stabilize ocean temperatures to create a perfect environment for marine life
    - - “occurs because the “hottest” molecules, those with the greatest kinetic energy, are the most likely to leave as gas.”
  - - - The cohesion causes water’s high Surface Tension
      - Cohesion also contributes the the movement of water and nutrients in plants
        
        The adhesion of water to the cell walls helps counter gravity
  - - - Solvant: they dissolving agent in a solution
      - sollute: the substance that is dissolved
      - Solution: a completely homogenous mixture of substances
      - Aqueous solution: solution where water is the solvent
    - - Hydrophilic, affinity for water
        
        Substances like cotton are hydrophilic but they do not dissolve
      - Hydrophobic, seems to repel water
        
        Ex: oils and fats
    - - Molecular mass, which is the sum of the masses of all the atoms in a molecule
  - - - At 0ºC the hydrogen bonds keep the molecules to be far enough apart to make ice 10% less dense
- - - - Hydrocarbons can undergo reactions that release a large amount energy
  - - - same covalent bonds but differ in their spatial arrangements
    - - mirror images of each other
    - - different covalent arrangements of their atoms
- - - - Stores the potential to react with water
  - - - These sex hormones differ only in the chemical groups attached to the rings of the carbon skeleton
    - - Components of an organic molecule involved in chemical reactions
      - The number and arrangement of these groups gives each molecule their unique properties