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Ancient Civilizations
Mesopotamia
Location: In the text it said that in the Middle East, two great rivers flowed south. Also, the text states that "Most of Ancient Mesopotamia lay within the borders of modern Iraq." Today much of the area consists of hot deserts, but in the past, the land was fertile. (Steele 6)
Religion: The Ancient Mesopotamians were polytheistic meaning that they believe in more than one god. I know this because in the text it said that they worshiped multiple gods. The Mesopotamians worshiped the gods and beloved the controlled many things. (Steele 14)
Architecture: In the text it said that the ancient Mesopotamians created large temples called Ziggurats to honor their gods and goddesses. The Ziggurats are not still standing most of them have collapsed because they are only mud and straw. The Mesopotamians also gave tribute to one of the builders of the Ziggurats by making statuses of them. ( Steele 24)
Government: Mesopotamia was ruled by many people over the times. I know this because in the text it said that it was ruled by the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and the Assyrians. The Akkadians ended the rule when the kinds grandson died and the whole thing came coming down. (Steele 22)
Art: In the text it said that the woman spun wool into string with a drop spindle. Also, in the text it said that the Mesopotamians made pottery and colored it with colorful glazes. The Mesopotamians also made jewelry out of gems and gold. (Steele 28)
Writing: In the text it said that the ancient Mesopotamians wrote with Cuneiform ( a pattern of indentations in soft clay). The Mesopotamians made marks on the clay with a wedge shaped stylus.The pattern means different things like how our letters mean different things. (Steele 12)
Location: In the text it said that the Egyptians lived in the banks of the Nile. Every year the Nile river flooded creating fertile land to grow plants on. The Egyptians lived here because it was the most fertile area in Egypt. (Hart 8)
Art: In the text it said that the Ancient Egyptians made jewelry. This jewelry was worn by men and women alike. The jewelry was made of different crystals and mostly gold. (Hart 57)
Government: I the text it said that the Ancient Egyptians were ruled by a leader called a pharaoh. There where many famous pharaohs like king Tutankhamen or Nefertiti. The pharaoh was rich and had lots of money so the had many expensive things. (Hart 10)
Writing: In the text it said that the Ancient Egyptians wrote in hieroglyphics. Hieroglyphics are a series of shapes that mean different things and make different sounds. The Ancient Egyptians had special people that would study hieroglyphics called scribes. (McDonald 52)
Architecture: In the text it said that the Ancient Egyptians built pyramids. These pyramids where built to honor a fallen pharaoh. The pyramids where huge and housed the final resting place of many great pharaohs. (Hart 20)
Religion: The Ancient Egyptians where polytheistic. Meaning they believe in more than one god, or goddess. In t he text it said that they had many gods that controlled different things like Bastet the cat goddess. (Hart 25)
Ancient China
Location: Also in the text it said that China first started a long the yellow river. In this area there was lots of fertile land for farming. This is how they survived in the area of China. (Cotterell 10)
Religion: In the text it said, Confucius was a great man that believed that the early years of the Zhou dynasty were the best years for social harmony. Confucius believed that the world should be based on kindness and not on turmoil. He knew that force should be the last resort if nothing was fixed with words. (Cotterell 12)
Government: The text also states that the first emperor of China was called Zheng. He boasted over his won wars and showed that he was far superior. He often treated his people as slaves and made them work for him. (Cotterell 16)
Art: In the text it said that China is known for their ceramics. The created beautiful pottery colored with other thing. They also created many kinds of statues made of different kinds of minerals. (Cotterell 56)
Technology: In the text it said that the Chinese created the first earthquake detector. There was a dragon holding a ball in its mouth on all sides of a jar. When there was a disturbance the ball would fall into a frog's mouth showing that there was an earthquake and where it came from. (Cotterell 22)
Writing: On page 11 it said that "The shang kings used Oracle bones to consult the ancestral sports about important matters". The people would use an ox bone or tortoiseshell and scorch it until it cracked. They would read the cracks to find the answer then they wrote the answer on the bone. (Cotterell 11)
Comerse/Trade: In the text it says that the silk road started in China and reached into Istanbul. This was a large trade route for China trading many different goods. They also imported items for themselves to use. (Cotterell 58)
