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Ancient Civilizations
Mesopotamia
Location: On page 6 it said that Mesopotamia is located in what is today Iraq, Syria, turkey, and Iran.
According to the Greeks, Mesopotamia means " Between the rivers". Also, the text states that Mesopotamia included cooler mountainous regions in the north and reed- filled wetlands in the southwest." ( Steele 6)
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Government: On page 10, it says that the rulers had a lot of power to rule. They had to take over a lot too. The rulers also had to primarily consist of independent city-states, each with its own ruler, military, and bureaucracy.
religion: Mesopotamian religion was a polytheistic system where people worshipped thousands of gods and goddesses, believing they governed every aspect of life.Each city-state had a patron deity, and central to Mesopotamian faith was the belief that humans were created to maintain cosmic order and serve the gods.
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[architecture: On page 24, it says that there is a lasting symbol platform made from brick. It also looks very similar to the steps from pyramids. They built this at an early age in 5000 BCE. ( Steele 24)
art: Mesopotamian art was created from the 4th millennium BCE to the 6th century BCE, serving religious, political, and personal functions. And is characterized by durable sculptures and reliefs, cylinder seals, and large-scale
like temples and palaces.
writing
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Writing: They were the world's first script or writing systems. They were different shapes and sizes. They also developed marks into writing. ( Steele 12
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Ancient Egypt
On page 8 it said that Egyptians live mainly on the banks of the Nile, but also along the canals extending from it. Over 90% of egypt constists of dessert, which they called the Nile river. Every year, the Nile would flood, leaving a rich silt on the farmland. ( Hart 8)
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Art: On page 54, it said that the first art was made of bowls. They also used Kelts. The women's Made also made fancy dresses to look good. hart 54
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Government: On page 10 it said that the king was not the most powerful and important man in Egypt. He was just known as the pharaoh. One pharaoh holds the longest region we know for many monarchies.
Hart 10
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Architecture: On page 10, it said that the bindings were very important to the kings. The buildings had a very large way to get there.
( hart 10)
Writing:On page 24 it said that the scribes had to be experts in writing. The wright could be right to left, bottom to top, or left to right. For writing stories, they had to use shapes, sizes, and marks too.
Hart 24
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Religion: On page 24 it said, that the egyptians worshiped many different gods. Many of the gods are represented as animals. A few priests were involved in the ceremonies.
hart 30 and 24)
Ancient China
Commerce (trade): For trade, China is known for the workshop of the world. They traded things like, silk, paper, gunpowder, and a lot more. All of these things involve lots of ways to be helpful. (Cotterell pg 25
Government: China's first empior started in 221 B. C. They were led by Zheng. Zeng was the first of this emporire. The
says that his name was origanlly Quin. Cotterell Pg16)
Religion: In China, it was believed that they were divided into three ways. The 3 ways were Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddism. In the text, it states that China is very Tolerant. (Cotterell Pg 26 and 27)
Technology: The landscape of imperial China was dotted with walled towns and cities. Towns and cities were traditionally built on a grid system and divided into sections called wards. Each ward was surrounded by walls with gates that were locked every evening. (Cotterell page 40)
Writing: An example of writing is the Ocracle bone which was used by shang kings. Individuals would burn the oracle bone. It would crack and answer questions about their ancesters. These were created from ox or tortle shells. (Cotterell Pg11
Location: Ancient China was united under a single great empire. Vast deserts and mountain ranges cut off China from other cultures. Ancient China remained untouched by outside influences because it was a world apart. (Cotterell Pg6)
Art: China has always been renowned for its exquisite arts and crafts. In imperial China, luxury, goods formed the major export commitment. Chinese bronze, jade, silk, and porcelain were prized in Asia and Europe. (Cotterell page 56)