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Geography - Natural Hazards - Case Studies - Coggle Diagram
Geography - Natural Hazards - Case Studies
High Income Country: EARTHQUAKE
Chile (South America) 2010
IMPACTS
8.8 magnitude
SOCIAL
12000 injured
800,000 affected
500 died
ECONOMIC
$30 billion
no power
water supplies affected
roads damaged
ENVIRONMENTAL
tsunami
coastal towns affected
RESPONSES
IMMEDIATE
KEY roads repaired in 24hrs
Power lines + water restored in 10 days
LONG-TERM
30,000 emergency wooden shelters
cheap
water
power
SAFE
4 years
full recovery
Low Income Country: EARTHQUAKE
Nepal (Asia) 2015
IMPACTS
7.9 magnitude
SOCIAL
8 million affected
20,000 injured
9000 died
ECONOMIC
$5 billion
rockfalls + landslides
river flooding
Mt Everest
19 died
RESPONSES
IMMEDIATE
NGO’s = red cross
SUPPLIES
food
medical
water
search and rescue teams
other nations
LONG-TERM
AID from other countries
access roads repaired
helicopter drops of food + medicine to remote villages
3Ps - Planning, Prediction, Protection
Volcanoes
1st
PREDICTION
accurate
sulphur emissions
mini quakes
satalite images
EVACUATE!
2nd
PLANNING
evacuation plan/route
emergency kit
exlusion zones
3rd
PROTECTION
heat resistant tiles to direct lava flow away from homes
Earthquakes
1st
PLANNING
earthquake drills (drop/cover/hold)
emergency kit (food/water)
app’s and warning systems
2nd
PROTECTION
Earthquake-proof structures
counterweight
cross-structures to allow some twisting
shatterproof glass
shock absorbers
reinforced steel
shutters
3rd
PREDICTION
very difficult to predict
historical records show where they may happen next
foreshades (mini quakes)
animal behaviours (dogs/birds) know to act strangely just before an earthquake
Tropical Storms
1st
PLANNING
emergency kits
evacuation routes set up designed + shared to avoid congestion
stockpiles - emergency food + water
2nd
PROTECTION
hurricane storm shutters
tie down loose objects
low lying areas need protecting with sea defenses
3rd
PREDICTIONS
satelite data
less accurate