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Ancient Civilizations 
Mesopotamia
Location: On page 6 it said That Mesopotamia is located within the borders of what today Iraq. Also we know that "Two great rivers flow southward through the Middle East." Within Mesopotamia, there was cooler mountains range in the north and wetlands in the southeast. (Steele 6)
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Government:On page 40 it said that the Assyrian Empire had few resources and little fertile land of their own. I know this because it then says that they set out to go get more land. After they got the land they needed they started to grow wealthy from trading. "The mighty empire was finally brought down in 612 BCE" (Steele 40)
Writing: On page 12 it said that the Sumerians made the first writing or script in the world. The first showed their writing with symbols and images. To put it on clay they would press them on soft cay and then the clay would eventually harned.(steele 12)
Architecture: On page 24 it said that the ziggurat, the one in Ur-Nammu, represents mountains going to the heavens. Page 24 says "Like the ancient pyramids of Central America, ziggurats formed part of sacred precincts, which were thought to be earthly dwelling places of the gods." The Ur Nammu ziggurat began in 2112 the finished in 2095 BCE.(steele 24)
Art:On page 28 its says that in the early 3000 BCE the Mesopotamians were molding clay into pots,and they invented the potter's wheel. On page 28 the book says "By 3000 BCE, metalworkers were mixing tin with the copper to produce the though alloy called bronze." They made necklaces out of gold most of the time, green, red, and blue gems. (Steele 28)
Religion: On page 16 the book said that "People moved into the cities because these had become the center of government and trade." In the book it says that the number of slaves were high because they were either prisoners of the war or they convicted murder.On page 16 it Said that the Cities were protected by some massive walls, with gates, and moats.(Steele 16)
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Ancient China
Technology: in the text it said "By the 10th century gunpowder was being used to make fireworks and weapons." I know this because when they made gunpowder they found out they could use it for fireworks and weapons. In conclusion gunpowder could be used for many things and people liked to use it.(Cotterell page 23)
Government: On page 16 it says that Qin Shi Huangdi united the warring states under one ruler, changing China’s history forever. I know this because although his rule was harsh, his actions helped create a strong, unified empire that influenced Chinese society long after his death. “In 221 B.C., the Chinese empire was formed.” (Cotterell pg. 16)
Art: On page 56 it says, that China has always been known for there arts and crafts. It also says, "luxury goods formed the major export commodities". Chinese also a lot of love for art. (Cotterell 56)
Commerce (Trade): On page 58 it said Commerce in ancient China was essential to its growth and connection with other civilizations. According to Allen Cotterell in Ancient China “The Silk Road became a major artery of trade, linking China with Central Asia and beyond.” Through these routes, merchants exchanged silk, spices, and metals, helping to spread wealth, culture, and innovation across the empire. (Cotterell pg. 58-59)
Religion: In the it said that " He said that, a good ruler should set an example by dealing fairly with his subjects, using force only as a last resort." I know this because Confucius was all about being kind. In conclusion Confucius was purely looking for peace.(Cotterell page 12)
Location: An example is on page 38, the author stated that many cities in Southern China were built/made on networks of canals. Most of these cities were crowded with junks and sampans. Most families built their homes on top of rafts or boats, and remained there for most of their life. (Cotterell 38)
Writing: On page 11 it said "the Shang kings used oracle bones to consult the ancestral spirits." The people would use an ox bone or a tortoiseshell, scorching it until it cracks. They would read the cracks to find the answer, ultimately inscribing it on the bone. (Cotterell pg. 11)
Indus River Valley
Location:
“The Indus River was the lifeline of an ancient world, where civilization flowed as steadily as the water itself.”
The Indus River Valley is located in South Asia, stretching across most of modern-day Pakistan and parts of northwestern India and Afghanistan. Its position between mountains, deserts, and the Arabian Sea made it a center for trade, agriculture, and early urban development. https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home
Government: The text explains how the Aryan civilization influenced modern-day India through the creation of the caste system, which organized people into social classes called varnas based on wealth and occupation. This system shaped India’s social and governmental structure for centuries. “A government’s strength lies not in dividing its people by class, but in uniting them through justice and equality.” https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home
Writing: In the site it states, "Over 400 symbols have been uncovered from different locations." And, that its confusing because the writing cannot be deciphered. Also it states that some people have wondered if the symbols are actually constituted a proper writing system. https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home
Religion: On page History/Religion's page it says "The religion of the ancient Aryans, known as Brahmanism, was polytheistic and heavily influenced the later development of Hinduism." The page says, that their language they spoke was Sanskrit, and it became the language we use today in South asia. In the site it says, Religion in ancient India, influenced by the Aryans, was polytheistic and centered around sacred texts called the Vedas, which later helped shape Hinduism. https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home
Architecture/Technology: people within the Indus valley made well planned cities. They were also known for their deep care in hygiene which was shown in their cities by having one of the earlyish sanitation systems and was very advanced for its time. Their advanced architecture was also shown within their cities through impressive dockyards, granaries,warehouses,brick platforms, and protective walls. People think the walls were used to protect from floods and attackers. https://sites.google.com/mccsc.k12.in.us/history-of-south-asia/home
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