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Ancient Civilization
Mesopotamia
Location: On page 6 it said Mesopotamia is located within the borders of what is today Iraq. Also we know that "two great rivers flow southward through the Middle East." Within Mesopotamia, there was a cooler mountain range in the north and wetlands in the southeast. (Steele 6)
Government: The Sumerians name for their territory means land of the civilized lords. On page 10 it stated "The reigns of each dynasty were recorded on clay tablets." Stuff that were remembered for centuries was power and fame an their exploits and deeds. (Steele 10)
Religion: Many Gods and Goddesses were worshiped by the Sumerians. All the different Gods and Goddesses all had different meanings. "Each city had its own special deity."
(Steele 14)
Writing: On page 12 it said " As the first cities arose, people began to require records of ownership, business deals and government." They used stone and made marks in it to write. over the years people began to make scripts that meant sound as well as meaning. (Steele 12)
Architecture: on page 24 is said that "Ziggurats look similar to the stepped pyramids of Ancient Egypt ." Also we know that "The ziggurats themselves had small temples or shrines on top, reached by long stairways." They also believed the gods came down and took the gifts. (Steele 24)
Art: Hunting for food still continued in the wetlands, forest, and mountains as the centuries passed. Hunting became more of a ritual than a survival technique. "Mesopotamia bred dogs for hunting."
(Steele 44)
Ancient Egypt
Location: On page 8 it said that ancient Egyptians live on both sides of the Nile river. In text it said that "desert covers more than 90 percent of Egypt." The year began with the flooding of the Nile, which 9 brought rich silt to the farm land. (Hart 8)
Religion: On page 24 it says that they worshipped many different gods in Egypt. In the book it says, "Each of the different administrative districts, or nomes, had its own god." The most dominant god was the sun god. (Hart 24)
Architecture: On page 20 the text said that their first pyramid was built for their king Djoser it was six stages and is called Step Pyramid. In the text it states "Some later kings had step pyramids, too. They also have traps for robbers so their kings are protected. (20 Hart)
Writing: In Egypt the writing System that they made had about 700 different signs. On page 34 it states " They could be written from left to right, right to left, or top to bottom." The text also said that they often used it form legal documents. (Hart 34)
Art: On page 56 it states, the Egyptians would shape gold into molds so they make art pieces. The author wrote " You can see the glint of gold everywhere in Egyptian jewelry. Egyptian jewelry had no knowledge. (Hart 56)
Government: On page 12 it says at great state occasions like a sort of celebration lots of important people gather and even high priests attend. In the text it says "some of the courtiers were relatives of the king." People often kissed the ground of the king when they approached. (Hart 12)
Ancient China
Technology: Technology:On page 22 it said "The first instrument for monitoring earthquakes was invented in 130 by Zhang Heng." The chinese invented many different things including a water powered blast furnace. They were the first ever to invent many things like the wheel barrow. (Cotterell 22-23)
Government: China's first government started in 221 because they were led by Zhong. Zhong was the first emperor of the empire. The text states his name used to be Qin but he later changed it to Zhong. (cotterell 16)
Art: On age 56 the text said that "China has always been renowned for it's exquisite arts and crafts." In China goods formed major export commodities bronze, jade, silk, lacquer, and porcelain. Even Though manufactured decorative objects had sophisticated techniques, they were usually massed produced. (Cotterell 56)
Commerce (Trade): On page 40 it said "The main streets were lined with market stalls that sold all kinds of produce." People would also sell cooked food and non cooked food. Also people would buy special dishes from stallholders and they would take them home to eat with their families. (Cotterell 40)
Religion: Confucius was a man that went around teaching people about being respectful and honest. This started a religion called Confucius. The text states "Confucius to develop a new moral outlook. It was based on kindness, respect, and the strength of family." (Cotterell 12)
Writing: On page 11 it said "The shang Kings used oracle bones to consult the ancestral spirits." In order to find out answers to questions, the ox or tortoiseshell was scorched until it cracked. Finally, the answers were inscribed on the oracle bone. (Cotterell 11)
Location: Ancient China was untied under a single great empire. Vast deserts and mountain ranges off China from other cultures. Ancient China remained untouched by outside influences because it was a world apart. (Cotterell 6)
