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SEPARATING MIXTURES(anna) - Coggle Diagram
SEPARATING MIXTURES(anna)
purification technique
sublimation , magnetic attraction
solid -soild
filtration, evaporation, crystallisation , chromatography , simple distillation
solid-liquid
fractional distillation
liquid-liquid
filtration
:to separate insoluble solid from a liquid ( not able to dissolve in water):chalk power from water
evaporation
:to separate a dissolved solid from a solution by heating the solution to dryness (used when dissolved solid is heat stable):salt from seawater
crystallisation: to separate a soluble solid from its solution which is not heat stable(which will decompose on string heat (to obtain a soluble salt from a solution.steps: filter the salt solution,heat it up,leave to cool,washed with ice
chromatography
:to separate and identify small amounts of substances that are dissolved in a solvent, such as dyes in coloured ink.
to separate magnetic material from non magnetic (iron fillings separated from sulfur powder in a mixture)and one solid substance can sublime when heating : getting crystals or dry ice
separation of liquid -liquid mixtures(fractional distillation)
q: what is fractional distillation
a: it is a process used to separate two or more miscible liquids in a mixture
example: alcohol can be separated from water in alcoholic drinks or
The need for separating mixtures
mixture consist of two or more substances which are mixed without chemically bonded together
mixtures can be separated easily into pure substances by purification techniques.
these techniques are physical methods
To obtain useful substances
2.To study the properties
3.To avoid unwanted consequences
Q: why are purification techniques classified as physical methods?
A:a physical method only separates one substance from the other without involving any chemical changes