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Roman - Coggle Diagram

- - - - All sides
      - Lifelike anatomy
      - Contrapposto
  - - - Realistic “veristic” features
    - - Symbols of power
- - - - Trajan’s Column spirals
  - - - Creates visual order
  - - - Myth, politics, daily life, landscapes
- - - - Reds, yellows, greens, blues
- - - - Villa of the Mysteries (Pompeii, 60–50 BCE)
        
        Fresco showing initiation rites and banquet scenes
      - Herculaneum
        
        Domestic interiors with family, theater, and daily rituals
    - - Decorative geometric patterns for villa floors
      - Everyday themes
        
        Gladiators, servants, food, entertainment
  - - - Monuments
        
        Triumphal arches
        
        Arch of Titus
      - Column of Trajan
    - - Glorify emperors & military leaders
  - - - Bust of Julius Caesar
    - - Marble head of a Greek general
  - - - Ara Pacis Augustae (Altar of Peace)
    - - Relief sculpture
  - - - Garden Fresco, Villa of Livia (30–20 BCE)
        
        Illusionistic landscape of plants, trees, birds, open sky
    - - Animals
        
        Birds, fish, wild animals in floor mosaics
      - Natural motifs
        
        Plants, vines, marine life used decoratively
- - - - Room fresco, approx. 7x15m
    - - Pigment on wet plaster
      - Fresco
  - - - Mosaic of stone tesserae
        
        Reproduces shading, perspective & movement
    - - 5.82x3.13m
        
        Adapting Greek illusionistic techniques
  - - - Fresco
      - Illusionistic wall painting, Second style
    - - Walls approx. 3x12m each
  - - - Marble sculpture
        
        Combine
        
        Idealized Greek naturalism
        
        Roman political propaganda
    - - Height 2.08m
  - - - Marble relief sculpture
        
        The continuous low-relief carving spirals upward
        
        Narrating Trajan's Dacian campaigns
    - - Column height 38m
      - Spiral frieze length 200m
- - - - Celebrating victorious military campaigns
      - Portraiture
        
        Extolled the communal goals of the Republic
        
        Age
        
        Wisdom
        
        Hard work
        
        Being a community leader and soldier
        
        Now call the portrait style veristic
        
        Hyper-naturalistic features that emphasize every flaw
        
        Create portraits with personality and essence
      - Depicting public sacrifices
      - Patrons
        
        Chose to have themselves represented
        
        Demonstrating that they had spent their lives working for the republic as model citizens
        
        Large noses
        
        Extra wrinkles
        
        Balding heads
  - - - The Augustur of Primaporta
        
        Made at the end of Augustus's life
        
        Represented as
        
        Idealized
        
        Strikingly handsome like a young athlete
        
        Youthful
      - Emperor Hadrian
        
        Known as philhellene
        
        Himself began sporting a Greek "philosopher's beard" in his official portraiture
      - Fond of adapting Classical elements into their art
    - - Used to
        
        Commemorate military campaigns
        
        Project Roman power
        
        Glorify emperors
      - Realism and Classicism
        
        Combined classical Greek ideals
        
        In portraiture
        
        Moving away from the purely idealized forms
    - - Severan art
        
        Signals the shift to art of the Late Antiquity
        
        Late antique
        
        Deeply drilled lines
        
        Less naturalism
        
        Stiffness of pose and drapery
        
        Squat proportions
        
        Frontality
        
        Lack of individualism
      - Important figures
        
        Often slighyly larger
        
        Placed above the rest of the crowd
      - Moved away from earlier Classical influences