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CELL STRUCTURE, Screenshot 2025-09-09 at 09.55.37 - Coggle Diagram
CELL STRUCTURE
CELL THEORY
CELLS ONLY ARISE FROM PRE-EXISTING CELLS
ALL LIVING THINGS ARE COMPOSED OF CELLS
THE CELL IS THE SMALLEST UNIT OF LIFE
PROKARYOTES
SINGLE-CELLED ORGANISMS
DOMAINS
BACTERIA
ARCHEA
ADDITIONAL COMPONENTS
PLASMIDS
CELL WALL
FLAGELLA
PILI
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUKA. AND PROKA.
EUKARYOTES
HAS NUCLEUS
HAS COMPARTMENTS
DNA IS LINEAR
80S RIBOSOMES
HAS HISTONES
ASEXUAL OR SEXUAL
LARGER
PROKARYOTES
DNA IS NAKED
DNA IS CIRCULAR
NO NUCLEUS
NO COMPARTMENTS
70S RIBOSOMES
ASEXUAL
SMALLER
EUKARYOTIC CELLS COMPARISON
FUNGUS
LARGE AND PERMANENT VACUOLES
NON-MOTILE, NO CILIA OR FLAGELLA
CELL WALL WITH CHITIN
NO UNIQUE ORGANELLES
HETEROTROPH
PLANT
CELL WALL WITH CELLULOSE
LARGE AND PERMANENT VACUOLES
NON-MOTILE NO CILIA AND FLAGELLA
CHLOROPLASTS AND PLASTIDS
AUTOTROPH
ANIMAL
SMALL AND TEMPORARY VACUOLES
MOTILE WITH CILIA AND FLAGELLA
NO CELL WALL
CENTRIOLES AND LYSOSOMES
HETEROTROPH
ATYPICAL CELLS
SIEVE TUBE ELEMENTS
DO NOT HAVE A NUCLEUS
RELY ON LOCAL CELLS FOR SURVIVAL
RED BLOOD CELLS
NO NUCLEUS OR MITOCHONDRIA
ASEPTATE FUNGAL HYPHAE
USED BY FUNGI
THEY HAVE A CONTINUOUS CYTOPLASM WITH MULTIPLE NUCLEI
STRIATED MUSCLE FIBRES
MUSCLE CELLS THAT FUSE TOGETHER
HAVE MULTIPLE NUCLEI
FUNCTIONS OF LIFE
REPRODUCTION
RESPONSE TO STIMULI
METABOLISM
HOMEOSTASIS
EXCRETION
NUTRITION
GROWTH
PROKARYOTIC CELLS COMPARISON
BACTERIA
SUSCEPTIBLE TO ANTIBIOTICS
NAKED DNA
CELL WALL WITH PEPTIDOGLYCAN
MEMBRANE WITH ESTER-LINKED LIPIDS
ARCHEA
CELL WALL WITHOUT PEPTIDOGLYCAN
HAS HISTONES
MEMBRANE WITH ETHER-LINKED LIPIDS
NOT SUSCEPTIBLE TO ANTIBIOTICS
ENDOSYMBIOSIS
70S RIBOSOMES
DIVIDE BY BINARY FISSION
OWN DNA WHICH IS NAKED
SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ANTIBIOTICS
DOUBLE MEMBRANE
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
MULTIPLE CELLS
EXCCEED SIZE LIMITS
LONGER LIFESPANS
COMPLEXITY
EUKARYOTES
COMPARTMENTALIZATION
ADDITIONAL COMPONENTS
MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES
CHLOROPLASTS
STRUCTURES COMMON TO ALL CELLS
PLASMA MEMBRANE
GENETIC MATERIAL
RIBOSOMES
CYTOPLASM
MICROSCOPY SKILLS
LIGHT MICROSCOPE
VIEWING LIVING SPECIMENS
USES COLORS
SYNTHETIC DYES AND IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE ARE USED
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
HIGHER MAGNIFICATION AND RESOLUTION
CANNOT VIEW LIVING SPECIMENS
MAGNIFICATION
CRYOGENIC ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
FREEZING SAMPLES
DETERMINES MOLECULAR STRUCTURES
FREE FRACTURE TECHNIQUE
PRODUCE IMAGES OF SURFACES WITHIN CELLS
REPLICA OF THE SURFACE
CELL DIFFERENTIATION
DIFFERENT EXPRESSION OF GENES
UNIQUE FUNCTIONS
TRIGGERED BY CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT
