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OSMOREGULATION - Coggle Diagram

- - - - osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect it. releasing more ADH
    - - osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect it. releases less ADH
        
        ADH travels to collecting duct in kidney
        
        makes walls more permeable
        
        Therefore promotes reabsorption of water from the kidney collecting ducts, producing more or less concentrated urine
        
        This prevents cells from swelling or bursting due to water entering by osmosis.
- - - - Bowman’s capsule & glomerulus
        
        The glomerulus is a knot of capillaries that sits inside Bowman’s capsule, blood enters at high pressure, which forces forcing water, ions, glucose, amino acids, and urea into Bowman’s capsule.
        
        Large molecules like proteins and blood cells stay in the blood
      - Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
        
        "selective reabsoption"
        
        Glucose, amino acids, and some ions are reabsorbed by active transport.
        
        water follows by osmosis process
        
        the cells lining the PCT actually have large surface area and many mitochondira for more active transport
      - Loop of Henle
        
        concentration gradient
        
        descending limb
        
        permeable to water but not salts, so water continues into medulla
        
        medulla
        
        ascending limb
        
        not permeable to water. but pumps Na⁺ and Cl⁻ into medulla