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Cell - Coggle Diagram
Cell
Prokaryotic : small, lack a nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles
Cytoplasm : gel-like cytosol inside the cell, contains the cell's components, the area for cellular processes
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Plasma Membrane : a barrier between the inside of the cell and the environment, controls what molecules pass through it into the cell and what exits the cell
Cell Wall : provides an extra protective layer that helps the cell maintain it's shape and prevents dehydration
Capsule : outer-layer of the cell, sticky and allows the cell to attach to it's environment
Flagella : found in some cells, whip-like structure, helps the cell move through liquid environments (locomotion)
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Pili : found in some cells, also known as fimbriae, hair-like structure, helps the cell attach to other cells and surfaces, and transfer genetic material during conjugation (reproduction)
Bacteria
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Lipid Bilayer : fatty acid chain, barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell
Cell Wall : contains peptidoglycan; provide structure, helps the cell keeps its shape, prevents extreme water intake
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Archaea
Ether Linkages : chemical bonds; strengthens chemical stability, help archaea to survive in harsh environmental conditions
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DNA : multiple origins of replication, control cell reproduction, and adjust to severe environments
Eukaryotic : large, have nucleus, have membrane-bound organelles
Animal Cell : contains centrioles, lysosomes, small vacuoles and centrosomes while lacking cell wall, chloroplasts, plasmodesmata, and plastid
Lysosomes : membrane-enclosed organelles, the digestive system of the cell, breaks down cellular waste, worn-out organelles, and foreign materials
Centrosomes : the site that organizes microtubules and is involved in forming the spindle during cell division
Centrioles : positions microtubules in the cell, creates spindle fibers that separates chromosomes during cell division
Small Vacuoles : temporary store and regulate water, nutrients and other materials, removes waste
Plant Cell : contains cell wall, chloroplasts, plasmodesmata, large vacuoles, and plastids while lacking centrioles, lysosomes, and centrosomes
Cell Wall : rigid wall that surrounds the plasma membrane of cells, made of cellulose & lignin, provides structure and protection to the cell and plant
Plasmodesmata : enables the transport and stimulation of materials, and intercellular communication between cells
Chloroplasts : double-membrane organelle, contains their own genetic material & ribosomes, also the site of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy
Plastids : produces and stores molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
Central Vacuole : regulates cell's water concentration based on environment conditions, also store proteins in emerging seed cells
Nucleolus : found within the nucleus, the site where ribosomes subunits are synthesized inside the nucleus
Nucleus : house the cell's genetic material, controls the production of ribosomes, proteins, and other molecules, also controls other cellular activities
Ribosomes : enzyme complexes, produces proteins
Vesicle : smaller than vacuole, temporary membrane-bound sacs that acts as a storage and transport for cells and material, fuses with other membranes in the cell system
Rough ER : has ribosomes attached to its cytoplasmic surface, involvement in protein production, modify proteins, and transport them outside the cell
Golgi Body : the site for molecule modification, also a transportation site for molecules to be sent where they need to go throughout the cell
Cytoskeleton : network of protein fibers, helps maintain cell's shape, keeps organelles in place, allows movement within the cell
Smooth ER : lack ribosomes, produces lipids, cholesterol, carbohydrates, and steroid hormones, also breaks down toxins
Mitochondria : double-membrane organelles, powerhouse of the cell, generates ATP energy through cellular respiration
Vacuole : larger than vesicle, permanent membrane-bound sacs that acts as a storage and transport for water and other substances, doesn't fuse with other membranes
Cytosol : fluid portion of the cytoplasm, transport molecules, site for metabolic processes
Lysosome : suicide sac, contains digestive enzymes that breakdown cellular waste, viruses, worn-out organelles and materials
Centriole : apart of the centrosome, position microtubules in the cell, creates spindle fibers to form the spindle
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