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PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF CURRICULUM - Coggle Diagram
PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF CURRICULUM
ASSOCIATION AND BEHAVIORISM
IVAN PAVLOV (1849-1936)
He is the father of
Classical Conditioning,
the
S-R theory
S-R Theory
A foundation of learning practice called indoctrination
Key to Learning
Early years shapes child what to become
ROBERT GAGNE (1916-2002)
He proposed the hierarchial learning theory
He introduced tasking in the formulation of objectives
Behavior is based prerequisite conditions
EDWARD THORNDIKE (1874-1949)
Proposed 3 Laws of Learning
Readiness
Effect
Exercise
He championed the
Connectionism Theory
"Specific stimulus has specific response"
COGNITIVE INFORMATION PROCESSING THEORY
JEAN PIAGET (1896-1980)
Theories of Jean Piaget
Cognitive development has stages from birth to maturity
Sensorimotor stage (0-2)
Preoperational stage (2-7)
Concrete operations stage (7-11)
Formal operations (11-onwards)
Keys to Learning
Assimilation (incorporation of new experience)
Accommodation (learning modification and adaptation)
Equilibration (balance between previous and later learning)
LEV VYGOTSKY (1896-1934)
Keys to Learning
The child is an active agent in his or her educational process
Pedagogy creates learning processes that lead to development
Theories of Lev Vygotsky
Cultural Transmission and development stage
Learning precedes development
Sociocultural development theory
DANIEL GOLEMAN
Emotional Quotient
Emotion contains the power to affect action
HOWARD GARDNER
Gardner's Multiple Intelligences
Humans have several different ways of processing information and these ways are relatively independent of one another
8 Multiple Intelligences:
Linguistic
Logico-mathematical
Musical
Spatial
Bodily/Kinesthetic
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Naturalistic
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY
ABRAHAM MASLOW (1908-1970)
Self-Actualization Theory
Classic theory of human needs
Key to Learning
Produce a healthy and happy learner who can accomplish, grow and actualize his or her human self
He put importance to human emotions, based on love and trust
CARL ROGERS (1902-1987)
Key to Learning
Curriculum is concerned with process, not product; personal needs. Not subject matter, psychological meaning, not cognitive scores.
Nondirective and therapeutic Learning
Children's perceptions, which are highly individualistic, influence their learning and behavior class
He established counseling procedures and methods for facilitating learning
GESTALT
Gestalt Theory
Human beings do not respond to isolated stimuli but to an organization or pattern of stimuli
Learning is explained in terms of "wholeness" of the problem
Keys to Learning
Learning is complex and abstract
Learners analyze the problem, discriminate between essential and nonessential data, and perceive relationships
Learners will perceive something in relation to the whole.