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4-Biological molecueles - Coggle Diagram
4-Biological molecueles
carbohydrates
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they include starch, cellulose and sugar
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a type of carbohydrate formed by plants is cellulose, which is made up of many glucose molecules linked in a chain, forming straight lines and not spirals
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starch can be detected by using a iodine solution (orange-brown turning blue-black with starch);
sugars can be detected by using Benedict's solution (blue turning orange-red with sugars)
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proteins
they are made up of four elements: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen
a protein molecule is made of a long chain of smaller molecules, the amino acids
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enzymes, antibodies and haemoglobin are proteins
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keratin, a protein, forms hair and fingernails in humans
to test for proteins, the biuret reagent is used
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DNA
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it is composed of smaller molecules, called "nucleotides", which each contains a base
there are four bases: A,C, G, T
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