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Chemistry - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Atom’s total mass, can be approximated by their mass number
  - - - Commonly used in medical diagnostic tools
    - - Used to track atoms through the metabolism
      - PET scanners can monitor the growth and metabolism of cancers in the body
- - - - Single covalent, the sharing of one pair of electrons
      - double covalent/ double bond, the sharing of two pairs of electrons
      - Electronegativity
        
        more electronegative an atom is, the more strongly it pulls shared electrons toward itself.
        
        nonpolar covalent bond, the atoms share the
        electron equally
        
        polar covalent bond, one atom is more electronegative, and the atoms do not share the electron equally
    - - This results in oppositely charged atoms
        
        A positively charged ion is called a cation
        
        Due to their opposing charges, cation and anions attract each other, this attraction is called an ionic bond.
        
        Compounds formed by ionic bonds are called ionic
        compounds, or salts
        
        A negatively charged ion is called an anion
- - - - The liable or Symbol for sodium is Na, from the Latin word natrium
    - - Trace elements are required by an organism in very small quantitoes
- - - - Neutrons, No electrical charge
        
        Measured in daltons
        
        Together these particles form an atomic nucleus
      - Protons, Positive charge
      - Electrons, Negative charge
        
        Mass is so small the are dismissed when calculating atomic mass
        
        These form a negatively charged cloud around the nucleus
        
        Energy Levels of Electrons
        
        Energy: The capacity to cause change
        
        Potential energy: Energy matter has because of its location or structure
        
        The electrons of an atom have potential energy due to their distance from the nucleus
        
        Electrons are found in different electron shells
        
        The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by
        the distribution of electrons in the electron shells
        
        Valence Electrons are located on the OUTERmost shell, the valence shell
        
        Electron orbitals
        
        An orbital is the three-dimensional space where an electron is found 90% of the time
        
        No more than 2 electrons can occupy a single orbital