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What is the relationship between infertility and testing?, Male - Coggle…
What is the relationship between infertility and testing?
Infertility
Definition
Generally:
Failure to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse.
Primary infertility: When a couple has never achieved pregnancy.
Secondary infertility: When pregnancy occurred in the past, but the couple is unable to conceive again.
For women ≥35 years old
failure to conceive after 6 months of regular unprotected sex.
Causes
Female
. Ovulatory Disorders
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
Hyperprolactinemia
Thyroid disorders:
Tubal
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Prior ectopic pregnancy
Increased age
Uterine/Cervical
Endometriosis
Congenital disorders
Testing
:When to test
Types of tests
Female
Endocrine: prolactin, thyroid hormone, androgens, FSH
Ultrasound
Laparoscopy
Clinical history
STI Testing
Male
Semen Analysis
Hormone testing: FSH, testosterone, TSH, estradiol
Ultrasound
Genetic testing
Male
Sperm Abnormalities
Low sperm count
Low sperm motility
No sperm in semen
Abnormal morphology
Endocrine
Hypogonadism
Low testosterone
High prolactin
Structural
Varicocele
Congenital