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Reasons for the Ablative II - Coggle Diagram
Reasons for the Ablative II
Dependent on Verbs
utor, uti, usus sum (+abl.) = to use
*hasta
usus sum
= I used the
*spear
fruor, frui, fructus sum (+abl.) = to enjoy
Antonius
amicitia
Cleopatrae fructus est.
= Antony enjoyed the
friendship
of Cleopatra
Overview:
Some special verbs in Latin take their direct object in the
ablative case
Cleopatra used that man, Antony =
Cleopatra illo viro, Antonio, usa est.
Ablative of Comparison
Overview
: The Abl. of comparison is used as an alternative to "quam" + NOUN
Quintus mansit Athenis diutius
Marco
= Quintus stayed in Athens longer
than Marcus
Hannibal is more clever than the other generals. =
Hannibal callidior
ceteris imperatoribus
est.
Ablative Degree of Difference
Overview: The abl. of degree of difference express
by how much
two things differ.
puella
multo
prudentior est
= The girl is wiser by a lot
Quintus
paulo
(abl. degree of difference) diutius mansit **Marco
(abl. of comparison)**
= Quintus stayed for a longer time than Marcus by a little
She set out a little before dawn (solis ortum) =
profecta est
paulo
ante solis ortum
Ablative of Origin
Overview
: The abl. of origin denotes the source/origin of something
vir
nobili genere
natus
= A man, born of noble family
Quintus
libertino patre
natus est
= Quintus was born from a freedman (libertinus) father
Ablative of Price
Overview:
Abl. of price denotes the cost/price of something
hunc equum
centum sestertiis
emi
= I bought this horse
for one hundred sesterces
Carthago libertatem
tribus miliis ducentis talentis
(3200 talents) emit
= Carthage bought its freedom
for 3200 talents
Note: When the exact price is not specificied, will will use the
genitive of value
- e.g.
eum maximi aestimo
= I value him very highly.
dependent on adjective
plena (+abl.) = full (of) → spero ut caput Isis
scientia
plena sit.
digna (+Abl.) = worth (of) → Mia
summa honore
digna est.
SUMMARY
: 5 new reasons for the ablative
Dependent on verbs (utor, fruor)
Comparison
Degree of Difference (multo, paulo)
Of Origin
Of Price (+Genitive of Value)