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Artificial Intelligence: background and foundations., Birth of AI (1956) …

- - - - Total Turing Test
        
        Requieres interaction with objects and people of the real world , to pass this test a robot will need to have the capability of reconigze the world and manipulate objects.
- - - - David Hume’s proposed what is now known as the principle of induction: that general rules are acquired by exposure to repeated associations between their elements
    - - Holds that all knowledge can be characterized by logical theories connected,
        ultimately, to observation sentences that correspond to sensory inputs
    - - Starting by Francis Bacon "“Nothing is in
        the understanding, which was not first in the senses.”
    - - Rudolf Carnap and Carl Hempel attempted to analyze the acquisition of knowledge from experience by quantifying the
        degree of belief
    - - Holds that the brain’s operation according
        to the laws of physics constitutes the mind.
    - - Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill promoted the idea that what is right
        and wrong is determined by the expected outcomes of an action.
    - - Proposed by Descartes he held that there is a part of the human
        mind that is outside of nature, exempt from physical laws.