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HEPATITIS B IN PREGNANCY - Coggle Diagram
HEPATITIS B IN PREGNANCY
DEFINITION
Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). In pregnancy, the main concern is mother-to-child transmission (vertical transmission), especially during birth or in utero.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Up to 90% of infants born to infected mothers may become chronic carriers without proper intervention.
Chronic HBV increases long-term risk of liver disease, including cirrhosis or liver cancer.
COMPLICATIONS
Fetal/newborn: Without prevention, up to 90% of exposed infants become chronic carriers.
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MANAGEMENT
At Birth:
• Give HBV vaccine and Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin (HBIG) to infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers—ideally within 12 hours of birth.
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Breastfeeding:
•Safe if the neonate has received immunoprophylaxis; cracked or bleeding nipples warrant caution.
HEALTH EDUCATION
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Inform parents about the importance of timely immunization and HBIG in preventing chronic infection.
Reinforce that breastfeeding is safe, supporting maternal-infant bonding.
Encourage follow-up care, including infant’s vaccination schedule and possible maternal antiviral therapy.