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CARE OF NEWBORN WITH THYROTOXICOSIS, DEFINITION - Coggle Diagram
CARE OF NEWBORN WITH THYROTOXICOSIS
Neonatal thyrotoxicosis:
A condition where a newborn has excessive thyroid hormone in the blood, most often caused by transplacental passage of maternal TSH receptor–stimulating antibodies from mothers with Graves’ disease.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
Irritability, restlessness, poor sleep
Tachycardia (↑ heart rate)
Hypertension, arrhythmia
Goitre (swelling in the neck)
Warm, moist skin, sweating
Weight loss / poor weight gain despite good feeding
Diarrhoea, vomiting
Exophthalmos (prominent eyes, less common in newborns)
Heart failure if severe
COMPLICATIONS
Congestive heart failure
Feeding difficulties → failure to thrive
Premature closure of cranial sutures (craniosynostosis)
Developmental delay or impaired growth if untreated
High risk of mortality if severe and unmanaged
MANAGEMENT
Monitoring
Regular thyroid function tests (TFTs)
Observe for hypocalcemia or side effects of meds
Close cardiac monitoring if arrhythmia or heart failure suspected
Parental support
Educate parents that condition is usually transient (antibodies/meds clear in 2–3 months)
Encourage bonding and feeding support
Provide reassurance but stress importance of follow-up
Medications (prescribed by doctor)
Antithyroid drugs (e.g., carbimazole or methimazole) → reduce thyroid hormone production
Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol) → control tachycardia, irritability, sweating
Iodine solution (rarely, in severe cases) → block hormone release
Steroids (sometimes) → reduce conversion of T4 to T3
Referral & follow-up
Paediatric endocrinology follow-up is essential
Monitor growth and neurodevelopment long term
Supportive care
Maintain neutral thermal environment
Monitor heart rate, temperature, blood pressure, fluid balance
Provide adequate nutrition (may need frequent feeds or NG tube if weak)
DEFINITION