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POLYHYDRAMNIOS, Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) is ≥ 24 cm, or, Single Deepest…
POLYHYDRAMNIOS
DEFINITION
Polyhydramnios means there is too much amniotic fluid around the baby during pregnancy. It's typically diagnosed when:
CAUSES
Maternal diabetes, including gestational diabetes
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Fetal issues—like gastrointestinal or swallowing problems, neurological defects, or genetic syndromes (e.g., Down’s, esophageal atresia)
Often, no clear cause (idiopathic).
Fetal anemia, Rh incompatibility, or infection
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COMPLICATION
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Placental abruption, due to uterine overdistension
Fetal malpresentation, such as breech, and cord prolapse after membrane rupture
Increased chance of cesarean birth, dysfunctional labor, postpartum hemorrhage (due to atony)
Neonatal risks: macrosomia (large baby), respiratory distress, low APGAR scores, perinatal death
MANAGEMENT
Monitor : Frequent ultrasounds and visits to check fluid levels and fetal well-being, especially in mild or idiopathic cases
Treat underlying causes, if identified
Example: better control of maternal diabetes
In severe or symptomatic cases:
Amnioreduction (draining excess fluid with ultrasound guidance).
Possible use of NSAIDs (like indomethacin) to reduce fetal urine output:
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Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) is ≥ 24 cm, or
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