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THERMOREGULATION, MARIN, REFERENCES Biozone , classroom slides , Hyper and…
THERMOREGULATION
Hyperthermia
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Sweat is evaporative cooling because of the enthalpy of vaporization-- evaporation is an endothermic reaction, taking heat from a person's skin in order to evaporate sweat
Vasodilation to promote heat loss and venules get closer to surface of skin and environment (red flush)
Metabolic rate slows down, causing a person to become sluggish (to decrease production of ATP and internal heat)
Body temperature increases during illness as an attempt by the body to raise the temperature high enough to kill the virus, which causes fever and chills
Hypothermia
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Arrector pili muscles cause hairs to stand up, creating insulation against cold between skin and environment
Behavioral: putting on clothes, seeking heat source like fire, changing food intake to generate more energy
Vasoconstriction prevents heat loss, venules retreat from skin surface and reduction of blood flow to extremities conserves warmth
Body produces thyroxine to produce more ATP, adrenaline also increases metabolic rate
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Factors affecting
Heat loss
Wind chill strips away the insulating layer of warm air by the skin, accelerating heat loss
Inadequate clothing for the conditions (wind, rain, snow)
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Dehydration/circulatory shock (lower blood volume, decreased capacity to retain heat)
Heat gain
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Muscle contraction produces internal heat as a byproduct of the metabolism of fuel like sugar needed to produce energy
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Negative feedback loop
Any changes to the core temperature trigger responses to restore that temperature (too hot causes cool down responses and vice versa)
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