Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

LESSON - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Simple sugars – cannot be converted into smaller
        
        Monosaccharides
        
        Disaccharides – 2 monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bond (formed through condensation, loss of water)
      - Complex sugars – made up of long chains of simple sugars
        
        Polysaccharides – consist of 10 to thousands of monosaccharide units
        
        consist of one or many types of monosaccharides
        
        Examples: cellulose, starch
        
        can be classified based on heterogeneity of monosaccharides
  - - - Hemoglobin – transports oxygen in blood
      - Enzyme – speeds up chemical reactions
      - Antibody – defends the body from pathogens
  - - - Nucleotide = phosphate groups + five-carbon sugar + nitrogenous base
        
        Formed from condensation between –OH of phosphoric acid of one nucleotide and –OH of sugar of another nucleotide
    - - DNA – large molecules (6 million–16 million amu), nucleus, carries genetic info, double-stranded
        
        RNA – smaller (20,000–40,000 amu), outside nucleus, different functions, single-stranded
  - - - Non-polar
        
        Physical behavior
    - - Saponifiable lipids – produce fatty acid salts/soap with NaOH
        
        Triacylglycerols – triesters of glycerol with 3 fatty acids
      - Triacylglycerols – triesters of glycerol with 3 fatty acids
      - Nonsaponifiable lipids – do not produce salts with NaOH
        
        Steroids – lipids with steroid nucleus
        
        Terpenes – compounds constructed from recurring isoprene