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Software, Conditions (3) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - a variety of programs computer needs to function
    - - Operating system (MAC, Windows, iOS..)
        
        HMM, How U Feeling Son? (functions -7)
        
        3 types HCIs
        
        Command line Interface (code) (4)
        
        -need learn number of commands + communicate directly -> computer + no restriction by predetermined options (GUI) + use less memory
        
        GUI (4) (computer+phone)
        
        -interaction | symbols + WIMP* + touch-based (phone ~ pinch + rotate) + use more memory
        
        Voice command interface (2)
        
        -smart speaker (google home, amazon,..) + virtual assistant (Siri)
        
        Memory management (3)
        
        +track all memory locations + memory protection (ensure memory locations isn't used | 2 competing apps at same time) + enough hardware carry process in CPU
        
        Multitasking
        
        Function (3)
        
        -allow carry >1 task at time
        
        pre-emptive multitasking (4) : -process access resources in specific time limit (time slice) + interupt while running + process given priority ~ time to access => low priority starved resources (ko đc làm)
        
        Hardware peripheral management
        
        Function (3)
        
        +give each hardware resources different priority (release ~ giải phóng tài nguyên / used)
        
        -use Device driver** : connect.. + translate..
        
        User account management
        
        Function (4)
        
        +>1 user account log in to the computer
        
        Role of Administrator: -oversees accounts + create/delete user account + restrict activity (delete/create/edit files)
        
        advantages(1)
        
        separated memory data (for security reason)
        
        File management (2 + 1 order)
        
        -file naming conventions + specific task of editing file + ensure memory allocation -> read from SSD/HDD -> load to Ram
        
        SEC M (4)
        
        +make sure virus checker update constantly + access rights all user + communicate with Firewall (in and out) + recover data lost/corrupted
        
        where stored, run by, order?
        
        -run by BIOS setting + stored in SSD/HDD, load in Ram
        
        each process shares hardwares resources under control | OS
      - BIOS (basic input/output system) (~firmware)
        
        stored where?
        
        Installed in ROM
        
        Function
        
        attached all components to initialise
        
        Setting
        
        def
        
        +tangible electronic component + embedded software instructions)
        
        stored in
        
        CMOS
        
        provided by
        
        battery removed/disconnect -> restart BIOS setting
        
        Booting computer system | reading OS in secodary storage -> load in Ram
      - Compiler (người -> CPU)
        
        Function
        
        Translate High-level programming --> machine code (for CPU)
      - Device driver (máy -> chuột) (in book : ultilities sw)
        
        Stored where?
        
        +part of OS or installed manually
        
        Function
        
        Software enables Hardware to communicate with OS + Plug and play*
        
        Details (3)
        
        -communicate with OS + translate data in format understood by hardware (middle man) + without -> can't process with computer + device plug to USB port => OS find appropriate device driver
      - Ultilities software
        
        Function
        
        Built into the OS --> carry out specific task
        
        EẼamples3 + details
        
        Virus checker (Antivirus)
        
        How it works (4) (nhớ dùng thứ tự)
        
        +check files of software before run/loaded) + compare possible virus vs database of known virus + heuristic checking (analyse) + malware,infected files -> quaratined.
        
        Defragmentation (nối data về 1 dải)
        
        function
        
        reason
        
        HDD full -> block of files scattered all over disk surface. (fit in small gap)
        
        solution
        
        +Data accessing faster if: data in contiguous sector -> less head movements
        
        Back-up software
        
        function (4)
        
        function (2)
        
        locally stored back-up data in removable SDD/HDD* & cloud storage + schedule to back up files (auto made)
        
        advantages(2)
        
        +should use OS back-up ultility + total security (prevent loss)
        
        examples (2) + name of types
        
        Window : file history + MacOS : TimeMachine
    - - +Allow sw + hw runs smoothly (without problems)
      - +provide human computer interface
      - Control : allocation + usage of hardware resources
  - - - software user needs to : make use of computer system.
    - - Word processor
      - spreadsheet
      - Database
      - video/photo editing SW
      - Apps (camera facility, GPS, ..)
    - - -perform various apps (applic..) on computer + specific task using computer's resources
- - - - Signal sent | program/device -> OS for (3) temporary stop + call interrupt handler (ISR) -> solve the interrupt
    - - time interrupt, software error, hardware fault
    - - Allow computer open many windows at same time + task swtiching quick