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respiration (full) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - some eukaryotic cells, some prokaryotic cells
    - - lactic acid fermentation
        
        glucose-> lactic acid + small amount of ATP
        
        in human muscle cells
      - alcoholic fermentation
        
        glucose-> ethanol + CO2+ATP
        
        in yeast
  - - - most eukaryotic cells, some prokaryotic cells
    - - with oxygen, 2mol of pyruvate to mitochondrion, oxidised into CO2 and water
      - 1 pyruvate=18 ATP
      - 1 glucose -> 2 pyruvate+ 2ATP
      - aerobic resp: 1mol of glucose produce 38 ATP including glycolysis
      - sugar splitting in cytosol
    - - muscles respire aerobically
        
        breathing rate increases to remove CO2 and take in O2 faster. heart rate also increases for faster trans of O2 to muscle
        
        but there is limit to increase in breathing rate and heartbeat so insuffieicent O2
        
        so msucle cells ahev to respire anaroebically for short durations to meet energy demands
        
        extra energy by anaroebic supplements energy release by aerobic to allow muscles to continue contracting
        
        there is build up of lactic acid in muscle cells and there is also oxygen debt
      - heavy breathes after run because you have an oxygen debt
      - recovery period
        
        during recovery period, breathing rate continues to be high
        
        provides extra oxygen to repay the oxygen debt
        
        lactic acid is removed from the muscles and transported to the liver
        
        liver, some lactic acid is oxidized, using additional energy taken in to release energy. the energy is used to convert the remaining lactic acid back into glucose
        
        when all lactic acid is converted back to glucose, oxygen debt is repaid
  - - - both processes generate energy in the form of ATP
      - the first stage of both processes, glycolysis, takes place within the cell
      - both processes begin by utilizing glucose as a startingn substrate
      - both processes take place within the cell
    - - anaroebic respiration occurs outside the mitochondria in cytosol, but aerobic respiration occurs within mitochodria
      - anaroebic no need oxygen, but aerobic need oxygen
      - aerobic produces more energy than anaroebic
      - produucts
        
        anaroebic
        
        yeast
        
        CO2 and alcohol
        
        animal
        
        lactic acid
        
        aerobic
        
        CO2 and water