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Cells (Charlotte) - Coggle Diagram
Cells (Charlotte)
cell organelles in animals
red blood cell
contains haemoglobin that helps with the transport of oxygen more efficiently
its biconcave shape helps increase the surface area for faster diffusion of oxygen
it also does not have a nucleus so that it can contain more haemoglobin
muscle cell
Has fibres which involve in muscle contraction
nerve cell
Has a long fibre to transmit electrical signals from one part of the body to another quickly
cell organelles in plants
root hair cell
it has an elongated structure to increase its surface area so that absorption of water and mineral salts can take place quickly
Palisade cell
Contains numerous chloroplasts to carry out photosynthesis more efficiently
xylem
it is made up of thick and lignified walls to prevent the collapse of the vessel
it also has a hollow lumen to allow passage of water and mineral salts easily without obstruction
Definition
basic units of life that can carry out all life processes
types of living organisms
unicellular
organisms that consists of only one cell
examples
amoeba
protozoa
multicellular
organisms that consists of more than one type of cell
examples
animals
plants
a cell has many organelles
what are organelles?
groups of complex substances inside a cell which carry out specific functions within the cell
cell parts
found in both animal cells and plant cells
nucleus
function
controls all activities in the cell such as cell growth and cell repair
cell membrane
function
controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell
cytoplasm
function
where most chemical reactions take place
vacuole
functions
in animal cells
stores dissolved nutrients and mineral salts
in plant cells
filled wwith cell sap which stored dissolved nutrients and mineral salts
also provides turgidity to the cell
found only in plant cells
cell wall
functions
gives plant cells a regular shape
protects plant cells from injuries
chloroplasts
function
contains chlorophyll to absorb light for photosynthesis
cellular organisation in multicellular organisms
division of labour
refers to each type of cell that specialises in performing one particular function.
benefits
different functions in a multicellular organism can be performed at the same time
ensures smooth and efficient functioning of the organism as a whole