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(GEOGRAPHY) Sustainable management of transport system - Coggle Diagram
(GEOGRAPHY) Sustainable management of transport system
A. Impact of transport system
A1. Impact on environment in the cities
Clearing of natural vegetation to build roads, nodes (stations), tracks
Forests become smaller
Size of animal habitats become smaller
Restrict animal movement
Animals become lost and die of roadkill
Modify landforms (slopes / mountains / river)
water in river is diverted to create tunnels to connect different train station
Mountainous islands are levelled to create airports / runways (Eg HK International Airport)
Increased carbon footprint
The measure of greenhouse gases emitted to support human activities
Petrol burnt to provide energy = high greenhouse gas emissions = trap more heat = increase Earth’s temperature = enhanced greenhouse effect = global warming.
Transport activities account for 25-30% of all greenhouse gas emission.
As cities grow = more travels = increasing carbon footprint
Safety risks
Occurrence of road accidents = affect healthcare, damage to property & life
Overcrowding in public transport during peak hour = Risk of crimes like theft, outrage of modesty and targets for terrorist attacks
A2. Impact on people in the cities
B. Management of transport system