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The Molecular Basis of Inheritance - Coggle Diagram
The Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Nucleotide components
Nitrogenous base
types
Purines
A, G
Pyrimidines
C, T
Sugar
Phosphate
Enzymes
primase
adds RNA primers to begin synthesis
DNA polymerase
adds DNA bases
removes RNA primers and replaces with DNA
topoisomerase
relieves strain ahead of the fork
DNA ligase
connects the OKAZAKI strand
DNA helicase
unzips the DNA strand
DNA replication
occurs in the nucleus
Strands
Leading strand
has continous synthesis
Laging strand
is discontinous
produces OKAZAKI fragments
Process
Semiconservative model
each daughter DNA has one old and one new strand
Nucleotide excision repair
nuclease cuts out danged stretches
DNA poly merase + ligase repair
Structure and organization
telomeres
special sequences at chromosome ends
chromatin
heterochromatin
densely packed
euchromatin
loosely packed
bacteriophages
viruses that inject DNA into bacteria
RNA polymerase
DNA to RNA