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Introduction to Basic Concepts - Coggle Diagram
Introduction to Basic Concepts
Units and Dimensions
A standard measure of a physical quantity
Quantities
Fundamental
Length (L)
Mass (M)
Time (T)
Derived:
Dependent on fundamental quantities
Energy : [M L² T⁻²]
Force : [M L T⁻²]
Velocity : [L T⁻¹]
Densities
Mass Density or specific mass (M / L³)
Weight Density or specific weight (N / L³)
Relative Density or specific gravity (dimensionless)
Conversions
Importance
To maintain consistency
To work in standard units (SI)
To compare measurements from different systems (SI ↔ CGS ↔ imperial)
Some common conversions
1 inch → 2.54 cm
1 ft → 0.3048 m
1 lb → 0.4536 kg
1 L → 1000 cm³
1 atm → 101325 Pa
1 cal → 4.184 J
Mole Concept
A mole is defined as the amount of substance which contains Avogadro’s number particles.
Importance: Crucial for stoichiometry, reaction balancing, and mass balance.
Mole to Mass Conversion:
Gram moles = Mass in gram / Molecular Weight
Kilogram moles = Mass in Kg / Molecular Weight
Pound moles = Mass in Pound / Molecular Weight
Values of Gas Constant (R)
8.314 J/(K.mol)
8.314 L bar/(K.mol)
0.08206 L·atm/(K.mol)
1.987 cal/(K.mol)